Immunity:醋酸盐调节CD8记忆T细胞活性机制

2016-06-27 佚名 生物谷

乙酸是人类以及小鼠体内常见的一类代谢产物,血液浓度大约为0.1-1mM。在平衡状态下,肝脏中产生的乙酸会释放到循环系统中,另一方面,肠道微生物也能够产生一定量的乙酸,并通过大肠门静脉进入肝脏。除了肝脏以外,其它组织也能够通过水解作用将乙酰辅酶A转化为乙酸并释放到胞外。在机体催化或代谢存在压力的情况下(比如饥饿或糖尿病),乙酸会发生系统性的释放。另外,病原体的侵染也能够促进一系列的天然免疫反应以及代


乙酸是人类以及小鼠体内常见的一类代谢产物,血液浓度大约为0.1-1mM。在平衡状态下,肝脏中产生的乙酸会释放到循环系统中,另一方面,肠道微生物也能够产生一定量的乙酸,并通过大肠门静脉进入肝脏。除了肝脏以外,其它组织也能够通过水解作用将乙酰辅酶A转化为乙酸并释放到胞外。在机体催化或代谢存在压力的情况下(比如饥饿或糖尿病),乙酸会发生系统性的释放。另外,病原体的侵染也能够促进一系列的天然免疫反应以及代谢活动的发生。因此,乙酸等代谢产物的释放对于宿主抵抗外源病原体的侵染可能具有一定的作用。

进入细胞后,乙酸能够通过乙酰辅酶A合成酶的催化作用与辅酶A结合形成乙酰辅酶A,而后者对于细胞内的代谢活动具有关键的调控作用。

对于淋巴细胞来讲,它们能够识别稳态的失衡以及环境中的危险信号,而胞内蛋白,尤其是酶类的乙酰化,被认为是一类翻译后修饰的细胞活动。因此,在代谢失衡的情况下胞内乙酸的过量释放能否直接影响胞内酶类的乙酰化水平以及淋巴细胞的功能成为一个关键的问题。

针对这一问题,来自瑞士巴塞尔大学的Christoph Hess课题组进行了深入研究,相关结果发表在最近一期的《Immunity》杂志上。

首先,作者通过给小鼠静脉注射不同类型的病原菌,并检测短时间内小鼠血清中乙酸的含量。结果显示,系统性的细菌感染能够大幅提高血液中乙酸的含量。

之后,作者通过体外给予CD8 T细胞乙酸的刺激,同时加入特定的抗原,并观察一段时间后细胞的激活情况。结果显示,乙酸的刺激能够改变CD8 T细胞的代谢活动,并提高其分泌IFN-gamma的水平。

进一步,作者通过体外实验发现记忆T细胞能够摄入外源的乙酸,并将其作为合成乙酰辅酶A的原料。而这一过程能够进一步促进GAPDH的乙酰化。GAPDH的乙酰化能够促进记忆CD8 T细胞的糖酵解反应,并最终提高其二次激活的水平。

原始出处

Maria L. Balmer, Eric H. Ma, Glenn R. Bantug.et.al.Memory CD8+ T Cells Require Increased Concentrations of Acetate Induced by Stress for Optimal Function.Immunity.2016

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    2016-09-14 ylzr123

    赞一个!好文章拜读了,认真学习了。

    0

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    2016-07-10 oo902

    好高大上

    0

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