Diabetes:糖尿病人伤口难以愈合是为何?

2015-01-28 佚名 生物谷

美国宾夕法尼亚大学的一群口腔科专家们通过研究确定了一个关键分子Foxo1,与在糖尿病情况下的伤口愈合困难有密切关系。这篇研究发表在最近一期Diabetes杂志上。 糖尿病众多的并发症之一就是伤口愈合缓慢。大约有15%的糖尿病患者要忍受伤口无法愈合带来的疼痛和麻烦,甚至在某些情况下,皮肤上的这些开放性溃疡会导致最终的截肢。多年来,研究人员一直在寻找原因,发现很多因子都参与这个过程。但是主要因素

美国宾夕法尼亚大学的一群口腔科专家们通过研究确定了一个关键分子Foxo1,与在糖尿病情况下的伤口愈合困难有密切关系。这篇研究发表在最近一期Diabetes杂志上。

糖尿病众多的并发症之一就是伤口愈合缓慢。大约有15%的糖尿病患者要忍受伤口无法愈合带来的疼痛和麻烦,甚至在某些情况下,皮肤上的这些开放性溃疡会导致最终的截肢。多年来,研究人员一直在寻找原因,发现很多因子都参与这个过程。但是主要因素和具体机制却不甚清楚,更不谈对这些顽固伤口的针对性治疗了。

其实在2013年,这群研究人员就已经发现一种名为Foxo1的分子,参与愈合过程-它能保护细胞免受氧化应激并且诱导TGF-β1,另一个在愈合过程中有关键作用的分子。随后研究人员检测Foxo1是否对于糖尿病人的愈合不良有相同作用。

实验使用了糖尿病小鼠和正常小鼠,在麻醉条件下划伤小鼠的舌头。令人意外的是角质细胞缺乏Foxo1表达的糖尿病小鼠伤口愈合明显改善,而在相同情况的正常小鼠中,愈合却减缓了。

到底是什么样的机制导致Foxo1在不同小鼠功能相反?研究人员深入研究发现在糖尿病情况下Foxo1能刺激两种信号分子CCL20和IL-36γ的表达。这两种细胞能干扰细胞迁移。伤口愈合很重要的一个过程就是通过角质细胞的运动和增殖,填补因为伤口产生表皮的空隙,这对于伤口有很大程度的保护作用。实验观察到,糖尿病小鼠的角质细胞运动和增殖都被抑制。而抑制Foxo1表达后,细胞活动的抑制反而被解除了,这就直接提高了愈合率。而在正常小鼠里,Foxo1主要的作用还是刺激蛋白TGF-β1帮助伤口愈合。抑制Foxo1后,伤口如预期一样愈合是减慢的。但是在糖尿病情况下,并未检测到TGF-β1由Foxo1所诱导的增加。

这一发现确定了Foxo1的是如何参与粘膜伤口愈合。它的角色会因为糖尿病或者正常群体发生转换-正常情况下,能促进伤口愈合;糖尿病情况下却是抑制作用。所以在糖尿病情况下,Foxo1可以作为一个新的药物靶标,局部用药抑制Foxo1表达,就可能有助于糖尿病患者的伤口的愈合。

原始出处

Fanxing Xu, Badr Othman, Jason Lim, Angelika Batres, Bhaskar Ponugoti, Chenying Zhang, Leah Yi, Jian Liu, Chen Tian, Alhassan Hameedaldeen, Sarah Alsadun, Rohinton Tarapore, Dana T. Graves.Foxo1 Inhibits Diabetic Mucosal Wound Healing but Enhances Healing of Normoglycemic Wounds.Diabetes.2014

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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性

    0

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    2015-02-17 chinayinhan

    已阅

    0

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