Cell stem cell: 体细胞变诱导iPS分子机制

2012-01-25 MedSci MedSci原创

 近日,中国科学院广州生物科学院裴端卿教授领衔的科研团队,研究发现体细胞“变身”为诱导多能干细胞(multipotent stem cell,MSC)的分子机制,阐明了维生素C与组蛋白去甲基化酶协同作用,对诱导多能干细胞产生起至关重要作用。该研究成果在线发表在国际权威学术期刊《细胞?干细胞》上,并被选为封面文章。   2006年,日本学者山中伸弥在世界上首次从小鼠成体细胞中获得功能与胚胎干细胞类

 近日,中国科学院广州生物科学院裴端卿教授领衔的科研团队,研究发现体细胞“变身”为诱导多能干细胞(multipotent stem cell,MSC)的分子机制,阐明了维生素C与组蛋白去甲基化酶协同作用,对诱导多能干细胞产生起至关重要作用。该研究成果在线发表在国际权威学术期刊《细胞•干细胞》上,并被选为封面文章。

  2006年,日本学者山中伸弥在世界上首次从小鼠成体细胞中获得功能与胚胎干细胞类似的“诱导多能干细胞”,即iPS细胞。诱导干细胞是指在外源因子诱导下,体细胞在体外“变身”为与胚胎干细胞具有同样特征的多能干细胞,这一发现对疾病治疗开启了新的途径。尽管诱导多能干细胞应用前景广泛,但其诱导机理不明、诱导效率低下等问题长期困扰着科学家们。

  2009年,裴端卿等研究人员首次发现维生素C可以大大提高体细胞转化为诱导多能干细胞的效率。但原因是什么呢?为探索这一现象背后的机理,两年多来,该研究团队进行了大量基础研究,发现了制约体细胞“变身”的分子障碍,维生素C是通过一种特殊酶,来“跨越”这种分子障碍从而提高“变身”效率。

  据悉,研究人员经过大量筛选,发现能显著提高细胞重编程效率的酶——组蛋白去甲基化酶。维生素C和这种酶都能加速成体细胞生长,具有协同作用。研究结果显示,未经过任何处理的体细胞——成纤维细胞在体外传代到第6代时几乎老化得不能再“变身”为多能干细胞。但添加维生素C和组蛋白去甲基化酶后,成纤维细胞在体外传代到第12代时,还没有表现出衰老现象,能保持与原细胞一样的“变身”潜能,维持重编程效率。

  研究人员指出,这一发现有望找到一种产生诱导多能干细胞更为简便的方法,对干细胞研究和再生医学等领域将起到重要影响。下一步研究,研究人员将希望进一步揭示诱导多能干细胞的“变身”机制。

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    2012-12-07 医者仁心
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    2012-12-23 维他命
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    2012-01-27 chengjn
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