Nature Genetics:癌症治疗不能过于狭隘

2014-03-18 佚名 测序中国

血管肉瘤(Angiosarcoma)是一种罕见的血管肿瘤,其发病呈散发或者在放疗治疗后出现。科学家之前已经对血管肉瘤开发出针对血管形成相关的特定细胞通路的药物,但是这些药物的药效并不明显。 现在,来自英国桑格研究所(Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute)等机构的研究人员发现,两个新的肿瘤基因可能与一种罕见的高度恶性的血管瘤的进展相关。这些基因可能作为将来治疗的新标志物并

血管肉瘤(Angiosarcoma)是一种罕见的血管肿瘤,其发病呈散发或者在放疗治疗后出现。科学家之前已经对血管肉瘤开发出针对血管形成相关的特定细胞通路的药物,但是这些药物的药效并不明显。

现在,来自英国桑格研究所(Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute)等机构的研究人员发现,两个新的肿瘤基因可能与一种罕见的高度恶性的血管瘤的进展相关。这些基因可能作为将来治疗的新标志物并解释为何针对一个靶标的狭隘的靶向治疗会失败。

在这项最新研究中,科学家发现 40% 的血管肉瘤患者携带有控制血管生成基因的突变,包括两个新的癌基因 PTPRB 和 PLCG1 。论文资深作者、桑格研究所教授 Peter Campbell 博士表示:“正因为该肿瘤对常规放疗和化疗都不敏感,所以有必要研发针对控制血管形成相关的通路的药物。我们发现两个控制血管形成的新的癌基因在该肿瘤中发生突变,可以作为该高度恶性肿瘤的靶向治疗靶标。”

但是在一些患者中,研究人员还在控制血管生长的通路中发现了更多的突变位点。这些突变可能导致了为单个靶标研发的药物对某些患者不起作用。该研究强调了在为患者制定靶向治疗方案时应该考虑如何应对多个、协同作用的突变的存在。Campbell 指出:“这提示我们应该在找寻合适的治疗时想的更宽广些。”

论文另一资深作者、牛津大学教授 Adrian Harris 表示:“这项研究展示了对于如血管肉瘤这样的罕见病在有限样品的情况下,人们能够获得的对临床治疗影响和生物学方面的理解。我们的研究不止改变了人们对这个肿瘤的有关生物学特性的看法,也作为一个对未来血管肉瘤患者的药物试验的指引。”

因为患血管肉瘤的患者如此之少,以至于临床试验非常难以进行。有了这些新的信息,研究者现在需要确认已有的药物是否能非常有效的治疗这些恶性肿瘤。论文第一作者 Sam Behjati 博士表示:“能继续研究这些罕见肿瘤极为重要。不仅可以为患者提供帮助,改善肿瘤治疗方案,还能帮助我们更加全面的了解肿瘤相关突变及其背后的生物学机理。”

原始出处

Sam Behjati, Patrick S Tarpey, Helen Sheldon, Inigo Martincorena, Peter Van Loo, Gunes Gundem, David C Wedge, Manasa Ramakrishna, Susanna L Cooke, Nischalan Pillay, Hans Kristian M Vollan, Elli Papaemmanuil, Hans Koss, Tom D Bunney, Claire Hardy, Olivia R Joseph, Sancha Martin, Laura Mudie, Adam Butler, Jon W Teague, Meena Patil, Graham Steers, Yu Cao, Curtis Gumbs, Davis Ingram, Alexander J Lazar, Latasha Little, Harshad Mahadeshwar, Alexei Protopopov, Ghadah A Al Sannaa, Sahil Seth, Xingzhi Song, Jiabin Tang, Jianhua Zhang, Vinod Ravi, Keila E Torres, Bhavisha Khatri, Dina Halai, Ioannis Roxanis, Daniel Baumhoer, Roberto Tirabosco, M Fernanda Amary, Chris Boshoff, Ultan McDermott, Matilda Katan, Michael R Stratton, P Andrew Futreal, Adrienne M Flanagan, Adrian Harris& Peter J Campbell. Recurrent PTPRB and PLCG1 mutations in angiosarcoma. Nature Genetics, 16 March 2014; doi:10.1038/ng.2921

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    2014-09-29 cy0324
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    2015-01-16 huperzia
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    2014-12-11 canlab
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    2014-10-02 liye789132251

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