Nature:颠覆传统认知 解答白介素-1α免疫学谜团

2013-08-15 koo bio360

日前,来自圣裘德儿童研究医院(St. Jude Children's Research Hospital)的研究人员解开了 SHP-1 基因突变导致多种炎症和自身免疫性疾病的谜团。 【原文下载】 研究人员还发现:不同形式的白细胞介素-1(IL-1)通过不同的线路促进了炎症。这一发现颠覆了当前普遍认为 IL-1α 和 IL-1β 通过相同的信号通路发挥作用的观点。 研究人员兴奋地表示,这些

日前,来自圣裘德儿童研究医院(St. Jude Children's Research Hospital)的研究人员解开了 SHP-1 基因突变导致多种炎症和自身免疫性疾病的谜团。 【原文下载

研究人员还发现:不同形式的白细胞介素-1(IL-1)通过不同的线路促进了炎症。这一发现颠覆了当前普遍认为 IL-1α 和 IL-1β 通过相同的信号通路发挥作用的观点。

研究人员兴奋地表示,这些研究结果证实了阻断单个分子 IL-1α ,可保护 100% 的小鼠防止形成与人类疾病关系非常密切的一种炎症性疾病。这些结果为通向临床提供了一块跳板。

SHP-1 蛋白可通过关闭控制细胞因子释放的信号系统来防止有害的炎症。这些细胞因子驱动了炎症。尽管数十年来研究人员将 SHP-1 与各种炎症和红斑狼疮、多发性硬化症等自身免疫性疾病联系到一起,但直到现在也还不清楚其相关机制。

为了寻找答案,研究人员转而利用了一种罹患人类炎症性皮肤病:嗜中性皮肤病(neutrophilic dermatosis)的 SHP-1 突变小鼠模型。皮肤炎症,有时出现溃疡等疼痛性皮肤异常是这一疾病的特征。当前的核心治疗皮质类固醇(Corticosteroid)具有严重的副作用。

研究人员证实, SHP-1 突变是通过一种意外的机制起作用。这一系统的特点是: PIP1 激酶和 IL-1α 发挥显著作用。激酶这一信号分子可以启动炎症过程。科学家们发现, SHP-1 突变导致了 PIP1 信号,造成 IL-1α 和其他细胞因子释放,促进和维持了炎症。敲除 RIP1 或 IL-1α 可以阻止突变小鼠体内过度的炎症和炎症相关组织损伤,恢复正常伤口愈合。

此外,实验性药物necrostatin 1还保护突变小鼠阻止了炎症驱动的组织损伤。研究人员设计这一药物旨在阻断 RIP1 活性。

研究人员表示,敲除控制或促进炎症的其他蛋白复合物和细胞因子,则对于小鼠的炎症或疾病症状没有影响。这一列表包括 caspase 1、IL-1β 和 RIP3 等分子。 RIP3 可与 RIP1 协同作用,触发一种程序性细胞死亡启动炎症。

研究人员指出,当敲除 IL-1α 时,通过蛋白质复合物 NF-kB 的信号传导也下降。 NF-kB 是炎症的一个主要调控因子。这一观察发现促使更深入地了解了这一疾病的过程,表明 RIP1 和 IL-1α 是促进炎症的一个反馈回路。

原始出处:

John R. Lukens, Peter Vogel, Gordon R. Johnson, Michelle A. Kelliher, Yoichiro Iwakura, Mohamed Lamkanfi & Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti. RIP1 -driven autoinflammation targets IL-1α independently of inflammasomes and RIP3. Nature, 26 May 2013; doi:10.1038/nature12174 【原文下载

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    2013-08-24 liye789132251
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