Stroke:哪种模型预测房颤合并缺血性卒中患者大出血更佳?

2017-10-16 常路 环球医学

2017年9月,发表在《Stroke》的一项研究调查了短暂性脑缺血发作或缺血性卒中后、接受口服抗凝药治疗的房颤患者中大出血的风险评分,并探讨各出血风险类别中口服抗凝药的净获益。

2017年9月,发表在《Stroke》的一项研究调查了短暂性脑缺血发作或缺血性卒中后、接受口服抗凝药治疗的房颤患者中大出血的风险评分,并探讨各出血风险类别中口服抗凝药的净获益。

背景和目的:既往短暂性脑缺血发作或缺血性卒中合并房颤的患者中,大出血风险评分量表的作用还未明确。研究人员旨在验证缺血性脑血管病后使用口服抗凝药治疗的房颤患者中大出血的风险评分,并探讨各出血风险类别中口服抗凝药的净获益。

方法:研究人员分析了3623例有短暂性脑缺血发作或卒中史的患者,这些患者来自于RE-LY试验(长期抗凝治疗的随机评价)。研究人员使用C统计量和校准图评估了HEMORR2HAGES(肝或肾病、酒精滥用、恶性肿瘤、高龄、血小板计数或功能降低、高血压(未控制)、贫血、遗传因素、过高的跌倒风险、卒中)、Shireman、HAS-BLED(高血压、肝/肾功能异常、卒中、出血史或出血倾向、不稳定的国际标准化比率、高龄、药物/酒精同时服用)、ATRIA(房颤中的抗凝和风险因素)、ORBIT(高龄、血红蛋白/红细胞压积降低/贫血史、出血史、肾功能不足、抗血小板治疗)等评分的表现。口服抗凝药的净获益通过比较华法林治疗者缺血性卒中的风险降低和大出血的风险增加进行确定。

结果:在6922人年的随访期里,266例患者出现了大出血(3.8/100人年)。C统计量范围为0.62(Shireman)~0.67(ATRIA)。ATRIA的校准较差,其他方法中等。华法林治疗者缺血性卒中复发的减少高于大出血风险的增加,而不论出血风险类别如何。

结论:缺血性脑血管病合并房颤患者大出血预测模型的作用适中,但是在仅患有房颤的患者中作用相当。出血风险评分不能指导口服抗凝药的治疗决策,但是仍对识别可影响的出血风险因素有用。ORBIT的临床意义最佳,该方法基于有限数量的易于获取的变量,并表现出了合理的作用。

原始出处:
Hilkens NA,et al.Predicting Major Bleeding in Ischemic Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.Stroke. 2017 Sep 20. pii: STROKEAHA.117.019183.

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    2017-10-18 cmsvly