Immunity:NLRP14功能缺失突变导致不孕不育

2017-04-25 MedSci MedSci原创

这项研究,发现了生殖细胞中抑制外源核酸引起的过免疫反应的新的分子机制。未来可能通过基因调整NLRP14的表达,达到治愈携带NLRP14突变而导致的不孕不育病人的功能。

细菌和病毒感染细胞后会在细胞内释放其本身的DNA或者RNA来促使其增殖复制。为了抵抗细菌和病毒感染,机体发展出了各种识别和控制细胞内外源的核酸的分子机制。母卵细胞受精的过程中会接受来自父精子细胞的DNA,然而受精后的细胞对来自外源的父精子细胞的DNA并不产生显著的免疫反应。因此,有人推测,在生殖细胞中存在着某种分子机制抑制细胞对外源DNA的免疫反应。

在最近的一期Immunity杂志中,来自日本的Takayuki Abe及其同事报道了他们的发现,NLRP14蛋白在生殖细胞中抑制细胞对外源DNA的免疫反应,并且人如果发生NLRP14基因的突变会导致不孕不育。

为了寻找生殖细胞中存在的抑制细胞对外源DNA免疫反应的分子机制,研究人员首先比较了在人睾丸和子宫中特定高表达的基因,并且挑出其中在受精后发生表达变化的前二十个基因。在这二十个基因中,人工促使NLRP14表达能最大程度的抑制由DNA引起的免疫反应。

为了更好的研究NLRP14蛋白的分子机制,研究人员通过体外细胞实验证明,在293T细胞线中人工促使NLRP14表达,能够抑制DNA和RNA引起的免疫反应以及I型干扰素的释放。细胞中外源的DNA和RNA能够被不同的受体结合,但是都激活下游的TBK1激酶从而磷酸化各种转录因子调控免疫蛋白的表达。研究人员发现NLRP14蛋白能够结合TBK1蛋白,并且介导他的泛素化降解,从而达到抑制免疫反应的功能。不育的男性精子细胞中在NLRP14基因的108号位点发生点突变,导致NLRP14蛋白不能表达。也因此导致缺失了NLRP14抑制TBK1活性的分子机制,从而有发生更强的细胞过免疫反应,表现为释放更多的I型干扰素的释放和促炎症转录因子NF-KB的激活。过强的免疫反应可能是导致其精子细胞不育的原因。

这项研究,发现了生殖细胞中抑制外源核酸引起的过免疫反应的新的分子机制。未来可能通过基因调整NLRP14的表达,达到治愈携带NLRP14突变而导致的不孕不育病人的功能。

原始初始:

Abe et al. Germ-Cell-Specific Inflammasome Component NLRP14 Negatively Regulates Cytosolic Nucleic Acid Sensing to Promote Fertilization. Immunity 46, 621–634 April 18, 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2017.03.020

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    2017-04-27 执着追梦

    学习,受益匪浅!

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    2017-04-27 yuandd
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    2017-04-26 hippoandxym1727

    NLRP14-结合TBK1使其降解-抑制免疫精子-NLRP14基因108号位点突变-不孕

    0

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    2017-04-25 詹鱼

    新观点,赞!收藏学习。

    0

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    2017-04-25 dhzzm

    学习了分享了

    0

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