四川大学华西医院科学家发现肿瘤代谢治疗新靶点!

2022-08-19 转化医学网 转化医学网

研究人员亦发现核 PKM2 介导的 Warburg 效应对于 DDX39B 触发的 CRC 致瘤性和转移也是必不可少的。

导读:肿瘤细胞即使在氧气充足的情况下也会通过糖酵解方式来进行代谢,消耗大量葡萄糖并最终生成乳酸,这种现象被称为肿瘤的有氧糖酵解,也叫做Warburg效应。在这一过程中存在一个重要的调节因子,即M2型丙酮酸激酶 (PKM2),该酶催化其上游底物磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸PEP生成丙酮酸。PKM2在增殖的细胞尤其是肿瘤细胞中高表达。

8月17日,四川大学华西医院林苹教授及李凯教授《Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy》合作发表了一项研究“DDX39B drives colorectal cancer progression by promoting the stability and nuclear translocation of PKM2”,发现DDX39B 通过促进 PKM2 介导的代谢重编程驱动结直肠癌的进展。

Doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01096-7.

研究背景

01

结直肠癌 (CRC) 是发病率排名第三的恶性肿瘤,最近的研究表明,代谢重编程对于肿瘤发生和转移至关重要。PKM2作为糖酵解途径关键的限速酶,在多种肿瘤中显著上调。

最近发现PKM2 还可以转移到细胞核中,在细胞核中发挥蛋白激酶和共转录因子的作用,导致代谢和增殖基因的反式激活,然而,PKM2 在肿瘤发生过程中动态积累和核定位的分子机制仍不完全清楚。人类 DExD-box 解旋酶 39B (DDX39B) 是 DEAD-box 蛋白家族的成员,参与 RNA 代谢的许多步骤,在肿瘤中发生发展中起到至关重要的作用,然而,DDX39B在CRC中的具体作用和详细机制尚不清楚。

研究过程

02

研究人员通过GEO数据库鉴定出与CRC发生和转移相关的靶基因DDX39B(图1),并通过TCGA数据库及大样本临床数据进行验证,发现DDX39B在CRC中显著高表达且与CRC患者预后负相关,且在体内及体外促进CRC的生长和转移。研究人员为进一步确定 DDX39B 在 CRC 中上调的机制,通过分析DDX39B 的启动子并进行验证,发现Sp1可激活 CRC 细胞中的 DDX39B 转录。

图1. 通过GEO数据库筛选与CRC发生和转移相关的靶基因

此外,研究人员为明确DDX39B发挥作用的机制,通过免疫沉淀联合质谱技术鉴定出DDX39B的相互作用蛋白PKM2,并发现DDX39B 与 PKM2 的相互作用可防止其降解,且DDX39B可促进不依赖 ERK 的 PKM2 核转位(图2),而DDX39B 可以通过增强 CRC 细胞的核 PKM2 功能促进有氧糖酵解进而促进肿瘤进展。

图2. DDX39B促进不依赖 ERK 的 PKM2 核转位

为进一步明确DDX39B与PKM2的互作机制,研究人员通过结构生物信息学分析了DDX39B与PKM2的空间结构并进行对接测试,发现DDX39B 上的 Arg319 是 PKM2 结合和 DDX39B 促进 CRC 发生和发展的能力所必需的(图3)。此外,研究人员亦发现核 PKM2 介导的 Warburg 效应对于 DDX39B 触发的 CRC 致瘤性和转移也是必不可少的。

图3. Arg319 对于DDX39B 促进 CRC发生和发展至关重要

研究意义

05

这项研究将 DDX39B 确定为导致 CRC 恶性进展的 Warburg 效应的关键启动子,揭示了 DDX39B 的临床价值,并为 DDX39B介导的代谢可塑性提供了理论依据,通过筛选靶向 DDX39B 或阻断 DDX39B-PKM2 结合的抑制剂可能是 CRC治疗的新策略。

参考资料:

Zhao G, Yuan H, Li Q, et.al. DDX39B drives colorectal cancer progression by promoting the stability and nuclear translocation of PKM2. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Aug 17;7(1):275. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01096-7.

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    2023-04-13 xugc
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    学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习

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