Nat Chem Biol:科学家开发出改变DNA的新技术治疗多种人类疾病

2016-09-18 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:www.phys.org 近日,一项刊登于国际杂志Nature Chemical Biology上的研究报告中,来自新加坡A*STAR研究所的研究人员通过研究开发了一种新型蛋白,相比当前的方法而言,这种蛋白质可以以较高的准确性改变活体细胞中的DNA分子,准确地改变DNA的能力或许就为研究人员开发新型个体化疗法来帮助治疗目前很多无法治疗的人类疾病提供了新的思路,比如神经变性疾病(亨廷

图片来源:www.phys.org

近日,一项刊登于国际杂志Nature Chemical Biology上的研究报告中,来自新加坡A*STAR研究所的研究人员通过研究开发了一种新型蛋白,相比当前的方法而言,这种蛋白质可以以较高的准确性改变活体细胞中的DNA分子,准确地改变DNA的能力或许就为研究人员开发新型个体化疗法来帮助治疗目前很多无法治疗的人类疾病提供了新的思路,比如神经变性疾病(亨廷顿病)、肌营养不良症和血液障碍等。

这种名为iCas的新型蛋白能够被外部化学输入所控制,而且还能够同CRISPR-Cas技术结合来解决很多问题,CRISPR-Cas技术是目前改变DNA的金标准,比如,Cas酶有时候能够改变DNA中的位置,而在iCas蛋白的帮助下,用户们就能够控制酶类活性并且尽可能减少细胞中非计划的DNA修饰作用。

研究者Tan Meng表示,DNA就好象一本说明书一样,其能够告知细胞该如何表现出自己的行为,因此如果我们能够重写说明书中的指令的话,我们或许就能够对细胞进行控制;而本文研究中我们开发的iCas蛋白就好象光学开关一样,其能够根据我们的意愿被开启或关闭,同时在反应时间和可靠性上其明显优于当前的一些方法。

DNA修饰如何工作?

为了确保DNA能够被精确改变,Cas酶的活性就必须被严格调控;能够使得iCas蛋白表达开启或关闭的是化学物他莫昔芬,他莫昔芬是一种常用于治疗且抑制乳腺癌的药物,当该药物不存在时,iCas就会在不对DNA产生任何改变的情况下被关闭,当利用他莫昔芬开启iCas的表达时,iCas就会对靶向的DNA位点进行准确编辑。这项研究中,研究者发现,iCas优于其它化学物诱导的CRISPR-Cas技术,而且反应率较高,且能够被重复开启或关闭。

iCas较高的反应速度或许就能够对DNA编辑进行准确严格地控制,而这对于临床应用或许非常重要;比如,在研究细胞信号通路或脊椎动物发育过程中,iCas蛋白就能够精确地靶向作用组织中的一系列细胞或者对特殊发育阶段的DNA进行精确编辑。研究者Huimin Zhao博士说道,iCas技术是不断发展的CRISPR工具箱中的重要一员,其能够以精确控制的方式来对基因组进行编辑,并且为基础和应用生物学研究中使用CRISPR技术提供一定的研究线索和思路。

研究者指出,技术的不断发展将会帮助科学家们进行更加精确的DNA编辑,同时也将能够帮助科学家们对细胞进行工程化操作来修复细胞中的DNA突变。DNA编辑是一项让科学家们非常激动的研究领域,其对于未来疾病的研究以及新型疗法的开发无疑将会带来巨大的帮助。

原始出处

Kaiwen Ivy Liu, Muhammad Nadzim Bin Ramli, Cheok Wei Ariel Woo, Yuanming Wang, Tianyun Zhao, Xiujun Zhang, Guo Rong Daniel Yim, Bao Yi Chong, Ali Gowher, Mervyn Zi Hao Chua, Jonathan Jung, Jia Hui Jane Lee & Meng How Tan.A chemical-inducible CRISPR–Cas9 system for rapid control of genome editing.Nat Chem Biol.2016

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    2017-06-22 sunylz
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    2017-04-27 liye789132251
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    2016-09-27 童小孩

    学习了,很受益,谢谢分享,继续关注中!

    0

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    2016-09-19 忠诚向上

    好好学习一下

    0

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