The EMBO J:揭示脆性X染色体综合征和唐氏综合症共用相同的信号路径

2012-08-07 T.Shen 生物谷

树突棘对于智力的发育至关重要 (Credit: Image courtesy of EMBO - excellence in life sciences) 近日,研究者刊登在国际著名杂志The EMBO Journal上的一篇研究报告指出,由于脆性X染色体综合征引发的智力障碍和唐氏综合症有一样的分子路径,这两种疾病有很多相似性。来自印第安纳大学等处的研究者指出,他们第一次揭示了,脆性X染色体综

树突棘对于智力的发育至关重要

(Credit: Image courtesy of EMBO - excellence in life sciences)

近日,研究者刊登在国际著名杂志The EMBO Journal上的一篇研究报告指出,由于脆性X染色体综合征引发的智力障碍和唐氏综合症有一样的分子路径,这两种疾病有很多相似性。来自印第安纳大学等处的研究者指出,他们第一次揭示了,脆性X染色体综合征和唐氏综合症疾病中一些蛋白质的改变是引发智力障碍的“扳机”。尤其是两种蛋白质互相作用从而限制树突表面脊柱或者前突的生成,这些细胞的产生对于形成和神经细胞间的接触必不可少,而且为神经信号的转移也非常重要。当脊柱受到损伤后,信息传递就被阻碍了,接着引发机体的智力低下。

智力障碍是一种大脑发育的功能障碍,可以损伤认知行为导致精神发育迟滞,两种流行的遗传原因是脆性X染色体综合征和唐氏综合症,脆性X染色体综合征由单一基因的突变所致,这种基因突变抑制了神经发育所需蛋白的合成。细胞中21号染色体部分或者全部形成基因的3拷贝是引发唐氏综合症的原因,尽管两种综合征是由于不同的遗传原因所致,但是研究者发现在小鼠模型中,两种病症共用了一种分子路径来引发智障。

实验中所用小鼠中,唐氏综合症小鼠在记忆力和大脑障碍上有困难,研究者揭示了唐氏综合症临界区域1的蛋白(DSCR1)可以与脆性X染色体综合征蛋白质(FMRP)相互作用来调节树突棘的形成和局部蛋白质的合成。通过使用特异性的抗体结合至蛋白质以及使用荧光标记技术,研究者们发现,DSCR1可以特异性地和FMRP的磷酸化形式反应,这种两种智力障碍所拥有的重叠分子途径是未来治疗这两种疾病的一个新的治疗方法。

研究者Min最后表示,我们相信我们的研究结果为理解DSCR1在神经元以及智力障碍上所扮演的多重角色提供深入的见解。

编译自:Fragile X and Down Syndromes Share Signalling Pathway for Intellectual Disability

doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.190
PMC:
PMID:

DSCR1 interacts with FMRP and is required for spine morphogenesis and local protein synthesis

Wei Wang, John Z Zhu, Karen T Chang and Kyung-Tai Min

Most common genetic factors known to cause intellectual disability are Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of intellectual disability remain unclear. Recently, dendritic spine dysmorphogenesis and impaired local protein synthesis are posited to contribute to the cellular mechanisms of intellectual disability. Here, we show that Down syndrome critical region1 (DSCR1) interacts with Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and regulates both dendritic spine morphogenesis and local protein synthesis. Interestingly, decreasing the level of FMRP restores the DSCR1-induced changes in dendritic spine morphology. Our results imply that DSCR1 is a novel regulator of FMRP and that Fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome may share disturbances in common pathways that regulate dendritic spine morphology and local protein synthesis.

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