Heart:肥厚型心肌病患者预防房颤 RAASI崭露头角

2018-08-27 石岩 环球医学

目前,肥厚型心肌病(HCM)被视为最常见的遗传性心血管疾病之一,在世界范围内,每500人中就有1个深受其害。同时,被诊断为HCM 的患者,其父母、兄弟姐妹、子女等直系亲属,将有一半概率患有HCM。

目前,肥厚型心肌病(HCM)被视为最常见的遗传性血管疾病之一,在世界范围内,每500人中就有1个深受其害。同时,被诊断为HCM 的患者,其父母、兄弟姐妹、子女等直系亲属,将有一半概率患有HCM。

需要注意的是,HCM中的房颤与死亡率增加相关,主要受到血栓栓塞事件和进行性心力衰竭的介导。许多研究表明,抑制肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)可在各种临床条件下降低新发房颤发生率。然而,关于RAAS抑制剂对预防HCM患者房颤的作用仍未知。

2018年8月,发表在《Heart》的一项由中国台湾学者进行的回顾性研究,考察了血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素受体阻断剂(ARB)能否降低HCM患者的新发房颤风险。

研究人员使用台湾卫生研究院的全岛数据库,几乎覆盖了所有台湾人。研究对象为1997年1月~2013年12月确诊为HCM的患者。所有参与者≥18岁,入组前无ACEI或ARB暴露,也未确诊房颤。倾向得分匹配和多变量Cox风险回归用于评估新发房颤风险。

总共18266名受试者纳入到分析中,中位随访8.13年。

与未服用两种药物相比,服用ACEI或ARB的患者新发房颤风险较低(3.16% vs 5.65%;相对风险[RR],0.56;95%置信区间[CI],0.49~0.64;风险比[HR],0.572;95% CI,0.480~0.683)。并且,服用ACEI或ARB时间越长,该相关性越明显(T1~T3的HR:0.741、0.579、0.337;P<0.001)。倾向得分调整后,这些结果保持不变。

研究表明,HCM患者中,接受ACEI或ARB比未接受两种药物治疗者,新发房颤风险降低。

多因素导致心脏手术后发生房颤,包括氧化应激、炎症和加速纤维化。此外,儿茶酚胺和血管紧张素II的产生增加也易诱发房颤。研究人员表示,尽管此前一些研究,报道了术前使用ACEI或ARB或可降低房颤的发生率。但他们所做的这项研究,首次在HCM人群中考察了ACEI或ARBs对房颤一级预防的影响。

与窦性心律相比,房颤使HCM的相关死亡风险增加了4倍,且在临床中加重心衰症状、恶化功能并增加血栓栓塞事件风险。许多研究已将房颤确定为HCM相关死亡率的关键预测因子。但研究人员在该研究中发现,房颤的患病率和发病率仅为5%左右,这可能反映了真实世界中忽视了监测HCM患者的阵发性或无症状房颤。

这项几乎纳入了1997~2013年台湾全岛HCM患者的分析表明,RAAS抑制可能是一种有用的上游治疗,但需要前瞻性对照试验来进一步确定ACEI / ARB对HCM人群中一级预防的有益作用。

原始出处;

Chen-Yu Huang, Yao-Hsu Yang, Lian-Yu Lin, et.al. Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone blockade reduces atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Heart Aug 2018, 104 (15) 1276-1283; DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312573

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    2019-02-12 Tamikia
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    2018-08-29 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    /学习了,谢谢分享

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    2018-08-29 zhaojie88
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    2018-08-29 zhaojie88
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    2018-08-29 slcumt
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