脂肪酸合成酶或成糖尿病治疗新靶标

2012-02-24 MedSci MedSci原创

胰岛素主要胰岛产生,而肝脏是储存机体大多数糖的重要器官。长久以来,研究人员大都盯住胰岛和肝脏这两器官希望能找到我们罹患糖尿病的根本原因。近日,发表在Cell Host & Microbe上的一项由圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员完成的研究在糖尿病的起源上有了显著突破。糖尿病起因的理论糖尿病的标志物--血糖的控制问题可能源于大肠。 糖尿病研究治疗工作人员通过研究溃疡性结肠炎患者曾发现:糖

胰岛素主要胰岛产生,而肝脏是储存机体大多数糖的重要器官。长久以来,研究人员大都盯住胰岛和肝脏这两器官希望能找到我们罹患糖尿病的根本原因。近日,发表在Cell Host & Microbe上的一项由圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员完成的研究在糖尿病的起源上有了显著突破。糖尿病起因的理论糖尿病的标志物--血糖的控制问题可能源于大肠。

糖尿病研究治疗工作人员通过研究溃疡性结肠炎患者曾发现:糖尿病患者大肠活检组织中脂肪酸合成酶的含量较正常人少。脂肪酸合成酶是保持肠道粘膜层完整性的关键酶,合成酶一旦缺失肠道细菌便会侵入到大小肠正常细胞诱发炎症,最终导致胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病的发生。

脂肪合成的关键酶--脂肪酸合成酶受胰岛素调节,糖尿病患者体内经常在脂肪酸合成酶合成脂肪过程中存在缺陷。研究过程中,工作者将小鼠大肠中主要负责合成脂肪酸的合成酶基因敲除后作为该研究的实验动物模型。小鼠大肠脂肪酸合成酶缺失后会导致肠道慢性炎症的发生,后者是糖尿病的预测因子。

研究论文第一作者--魏晓超博士等人发现小鼠的体重开始下降,同时出现腹泻以及其他一些胃肠道疾病症,检查小鼠肠道组织后也发现组织出现了很多炎症部位。另一主要研究者--Clay F. Semenkovich博士坚信糖尿病的确是起源于肠道的,因为当我们身体变胖并产生相应胰岛素抵抗的时候,机体内脂肪酸合成酶是无法正常发挥作用的。一旦脂肪酸合成酶不能正常合成脂肪,肠道会发生炎症反应,进而会引发糖尿病。

肠道菌群有助于机体食物的消化以及维生素的合成,最初研究者认为小鼠患糖尿病可能是由于肠道正常菌群出现变化。虽然在研究过程中发现小鼠肠道菌群发生了明显变化,但研究人员表示肠道菌群的改变并非是导致小鼠患糖尿病的原因。之后,研究人员才发现脂肪酸合成酶的缺陷才是导致小鼠患病的真正原因。

小鼠肠道脂肪酸合成酶缺陷后,大肠缺失了粘膜保护层使得肠道菌群能直接接触细胞表面,细菌能直接渗入到肠道中正常细胞间使得小鼠发病。虽然糖尿病的发病起因大肠这一观点仍需要进一步研究证实,但脂肪酸合成酶或许能成为糖尿病治疗的一潜在靶点

Fatty Acid Synthase Modulates Intestinal Barrier Function through Palmitoylation of Mucin 2

Xiaochao Wei, Zhen Yang, Federico E. Rey, Vanessa K. Ridaura, Nicholas O. Davidson, Jeffrey I. Gordon, Clay F. Semenkovich

The intestinal mucus barrier prevents pathogen invasion and maintains host-microbiota homeostasis. We show that fatty acid synthase (FAS), an insulin-responsive enzyme essential for de novo lipogenesis, helps maintain the mucus barrier by regulating Mucin 2, the dominant mucin in the colon and a central component of mucus. Inducible Cre recombinase-directed inactivation of the FAS gene in the colonic epithelium of mice is associated with disruptions in the intestinal mucus barrier as well as increased intestinal permeability, colitis, systemic inflammation, and changes in gut microbial ecology. FAS deficiency blocked the generation of palmitoylated Mucin 2, which must be S-palmitoylated at its N terminus for proper secretion and function. Furthermore, a diabetic mouse model exhibited lower FAS levels and a decreased mucus layer, which could be restored with insulin treatment. Thus, the role of FAS in maintaining intestinal barrier function may explain the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation in diabetes and other disorders.

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    2023-08-26 1dea4a7em68(暂无匿称) 来自福建省

    谢谢分享

    0

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    2015-09-27 risa

    You've really imresespd me with that answer!

    0

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    2012-06-19 ipung

    A few years ago I'd have to pay soemone for this information.

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2154666, encodeId=f65d215466631, content=谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/02/23/914ab8c212b86139546fc16eed98b36f.jpg, createdBy=90821711402, createdName=1dea4a7em68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Aug 26 11:05:52 CST 2023, time=2023-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=福建省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=37442, encodeId=e1693e44227, content=You've really imresespd me with that answer!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=risa, createdTime=Sun Sep 27 08:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1985525, encodeId=1abe1985525fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f4568440001' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪酸合成酶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84400, encryptionId=f4568440001, topicName=脂肪酸合成酶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca772500164, createdName=ms1490123962508630, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 16:57:00 CST 2013, time=2013-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1989902, encodeId=c07a198990283, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3207e6735ae' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76735, encryptionId=3207e6735ae, topicName=糖尿病治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e6a1280, createdName=zhanglin3079, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 22:57:00 CST 2012, time=2012-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=4387, encodeId=500c438e94, content=A few years ago I'd have to pay soemone for this information., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=174, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=ipung, createdTime=Tue Jun 19 04:26:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1352688, encodeId=0d4f135268809, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=827d9996311' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#靶标#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99963, encryptionId=827d9996311, topicName=靶标)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sun Feb 26 14:57:00 CST 2012, time=2012-02-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-02-26 zhaojie88

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