The potential interplay between opioid and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)

Zare, N; Pourhadi, M; Vaseghi, G; Javanmard, SH

Javanmard, SH (通讯作者),Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Appl Physiol Res Ctr, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst,Dept Physiol, Hezar Jerib Ave, Esfahan, Iran.

IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY, 2023; 45 (2): 240

Abstract

Context Opioids are available for the management of severe and chronic pain. However, long-term use of high-dose opioids could lead to physiologic tol......

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