Complex Persistent Opioid Dependence with Long-term Opioids: a Gray Area That Needs Definition, Better Understanding, Treatment Guidance, and Policy Changes

Manhapra, A; Sullivan, MD; Ballantyne, JC; MacLean, RR; Becker, WC

Manhapra, A (corresponding author), Hampton VA Med Ctr, Integrat Pain Recovery Serv, Hampton, VA 23667 USA.

JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2020; 35 (SUPPL 3): 964

Abstract

The multitude of treatments available for tens of millions of US adults with moderate/severe chronic pain have limited efficacy. Long-term opioid ther......

Full Text Link