Diabetes Metab:降糖药卡格列净或增加截肢风险?

2019-01-06 王淳 环球医学

糖尿病足综合征(DFS)是糖尿病最严重的并发症之一,重者可以导致截肢和死亡。糖尿病患者终生发生糖尿病足的风险高达25%。因此,糖尿病治疗的重要目的之一就是降低糖尿病足的发生风险。

糖尿病足综合征(DFS)是糖尿病最严重的并发症之一,重者可以导致截肢和死亡。糖尿病患者终生发生糖尿病足的风险高达25%。因此,糖尿病治疗的重要目的之一就是降低糖尿病足的发生风险。

但是,基于一些研究的结果,美国食品和药品监督管理局(FDA)2016年和2017年分别发出安全警告,要求在卡格列净的药品说明书中增加腿和足部截肢风险的警示。其他钠葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT2i)是否也存在类似的相关风险,仍然未知。

2018年11月,中美学者发表在《Diabetes Metab》的随机对照试验Meta分析,再次考察了SGLT2i是否与糖尿病足综合征和截肢潜在风险相关。

对相关数据库进行检索,检索日期为从建库到2017年6月14日,鉴别出评估与SGLT2i相关的糖尿病足综合征和截肢风险的随机对照试验(RCTs)。使用随机效应模型,使用统计软件STATA 14评估比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)。

包含26167名患者的14项随机对照试验符合Meta分析标准。

提交

SGLT2i DFS和截肢的Meta分析

结果显示,与安慰剂相比,SGLT2i与糖尿病足综合征风险增加不相关(OR,1.05;95% CI,0.58~1.89)。对糖尿病足综合征风险进行亚组分析和敏感性分析,均未观察到显着相关性。

作为一类药物,虽然SGLT2i与截肢风险不相关(OR,1.40;95% CI,0.81~2.41),但是亚组分析表明,与口服降糖药物和安慰剂相比,服用卡格列净的参与者截肢率增加(OR,1.89;95% CI,1.37~2.60),但是恩格列净并没有此类风险(OR,1.02;95% CI,0.71~1.48)。

因此,本Meta分析提示,目前来自于随机对照试验的证据表明,卡格列净可能与截肢风险增加正相关。

然而,目前评估SGLT2i相关截肢风险的研究,有显着的异质性。CANVAS研究报告,服用卡格列净的患者截肢风险显着高于服用安慰剂的患者,EMPA-REG OUTCOME研究却发现,截肢风险未增加。此外,该评估所纳入的其他四项随机对照试验,截肢病例很少(0/1例)。因此,由于数据有限,需要大样本研究来进一步阐明截肢和个体SGLT2i药物之间的相关性。

总之,现有的RCT证据表明,SGLT2i作为一类药物,与糖尿病足综合征的风险增加没有显着相关性。然而,卡格列净可能增加截肢的风险。虽然其机制尚不明确,但截肢高危患者还是应谨慎使用SGLT2i,尤其卡格列净。

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    2019-05-25 guojianrong
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    2019-08-29 一闲
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