PLOS ONE:肾功能不全的老年人尿路感染后出现不良后果的影响因素

2018-09-23 MedSci MedSci原创

目前,对于肾功能不全的老年人因尿路感染(UTI)进行初级保健而出现不良后果的影响因素的研究还比较少。本研究的目的是通过计算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)和呋喃妥因与甲氧苄氨嘧啶的经验处方,确定≥65岁的患者接受UTI初级保健的发生不良后果的风险因素。

背景
目前,对于肾功能不全的老年人因尿路感染(UTI)进行初级保健而出现不良后果的影响因素的研究还比较少。本研究的目的是通过计算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)和呋喃妥因与甲氧苄氨嘧啶的经验处方,确定≥65岁的患者接受UTI初级保健的发生不良后果的风险因素。

方法和发现
本项研究为一项回顾性队列研究,研究人员纳入了795484名英格兰地区的合格的受试者,平均年龄均大于65岁。研究人员计算了尿路感染(UTI)的患者eGFR以评估肾功能不良结局的风险,并且采用倾向评分的方法匹配了eGFR <60 mL /分钟/ 1.73 m2用以估计服用甲氧苄氨嘧啶和呋喃妥因药物之间不良结果的风险。主要观察结果是UTI住院率,败血症或急性肾损伤(AKI)的发生率,以及28天死亡率。在123607例符合UTI标准的患者中,研究人员共收集了116945(95%)例eGRF的数据。中位年龄为76岁(IQR,70-83)岁,32,428(28%)名男性。与eGFR> 60 mL /分钟/ 1.73 m2相比,eGFR <60 mL /分钟/ 1.73 m2的患者患有UTI后住院率会明显提高([ORs]:1.14 95%(CI):1.01-1.28,p = 0.028),eGFR处于45-59 mL /分钟/ 1.73 m2时,[ORs]:1.68 ,[95%CI 1.01-2.82], 而患者出现AKI的风险为ORs:1.57 [95%CI :1.29-1.91,p <0.001]。与eGFR> 60 mL /分钟/ 1.73 m2相比,eGFR <45mL /分钟/ 1.73 m2的患者发生脓毒症住院的几率显着增加,而eGFR <30mL /分钟/ 1.73 m2的患者死亡几率显着增加。与甲氧苄氨嘧啶相比,呋喃妥因与AKI住院治疗的可能性较低有关(OR为0.62 [95%CI 0.40-0.94,p = 0.025]。呋喃妥因与任何不良后果的可能性无关。

结论
患有UTI的老年肾功能不全患者出现UTI相关住院的风险和死亡的风险都显着增加,这表明临床工作中我们需要采取干预措施来降低这些不良后果的风险。呋喃妥因处方与eGFR <60 mL /分钟/ 1.73 m 2患者的不良预后风险增加无关,可在该人群中广泛地使用。

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    2019-03-08 yese
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