Vision Res. :糖尿病视网膜病变,代谢记忆和表观遗传修饰

2017-07-15 cuiguizhong MedSci原创

底特律韦恩州立大学Kresge眼科研究所的Kowluru RA教授在近期的Vision Res杂志上发表了一项工作,对糖尿病视网膜病变中代谢记忆和表观遗传修饰现象进行了讨论。

底特律韦恩州立大学Kresge眼科研究所的Kowluru RA教授在近期的Vision Res杂志上发表了一项工作,对糖尿病视网膜病变中代谢记忆和表观遗传修饰现象进行了讨论。

视网膜病是一种威胁眼睛视力的疾病,同时也是糖尿病最可怕的并发症之一。高血糖是糖尿病性视网膜病变的主要发病诱因,经过治疗,虽然糖尿病患者可以重新正常控制血糖,但糖尿病视网膜病变的主要发病进程仍然存在。高血糖对机体造成的损伤取决于高血糖的持续时间和严重程度,提示存在"代谢记忆"现象。

代谢记忆现象在糖尿病视网膜病变实验模型中成功重现。高血糖除了引发许多生物化学和功能异常、改变与其相关基因的表达外,还增加了氧化应激反应。细胞质活性氧的增加造成线粒体功能障碍。受损的抗氧化防御系统对于中和自由基变得不堪重负。随着糖尿病持续时间的延长,线粒体DNA(mtDNA)受到损伤,进而引起mtDNA编码的在电子传递链中具有重要的蛋白质受到影响。这导致自由基的"自我扩增"恶性循环,使得视网膜病进一步发展。

高血糖也影响负责表观遗传修饰的酶;这些修饰改变基因表达而不影响DNA序列。许多酶的组蛋白和DNA修饰在线粒体内环境稳定中具有重要作用,高血糖影响其活性并阻碍线粒体内环境稳定。实验显示,在大鼠糖尿病(链脲佐菌素)模型中,只有当大鼠重新维持正常血糖,这些表观遗传修饰才有可能停止。但如果在向正常血糖转化前几个月高血糖依然存在,则这些表观遗传学修饰仍然会发生。在正常葡萄糖阶段向高葡萄糖耐受的转化过程中,靶向治疗的目标是防止增加的氧化应激反应或表观遗传修饰,这有助于改善这些异常并防止糖尿病视网膜病变的进展。

因此,他们认为在不干扰糖尿病患者对血糖控制的情况下,用靶向治疗作为补充,到达"最佳"血糖控制,这有可能阻止该致盲疾病的进一步发展。这项工作给糖尿病视网膜病变的治疗带来了新的思路。

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    2017-07-16 zutt
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    2017-07-16 zhangyxzsh
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    2017-07-15 有备才能无患

    尽管视力结果有所改善,接受全身免疫抑制治疗的葡萄膜炎患者可能会在心理健康层面上出现恶化。这项工作,对于患者是否进行葡萄膜炎的治疗提供参考。

    0

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    2017-07-15 Y—xianghai

    学习了新知识学习了新知识学习了新知识

    0

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    2017-07-15 135****7952平儿

    学了。。。。。。。。。。。

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    2017-07-15 忠诚向上

    好好看一下,继续学习

    0

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