NEJM:无论PD-L1表达水平 帕博利珠单抗一线治疗转移性NSCLC鳞癌生存获益显著

2018-11-02 吴星 环球医学

2018年9月,《N Engl J Med》上发表的一项研究,考察了帕博利珠单抗+化疗一线治疗转移性鳞状NSCLC的有效性和安全性。

鳞状非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)约占全部肺癌的20%~30%,与非鳞状NSCLC相比,与更短的生存期相关。组织学上缺乏可靶向的突变,通常意味着鳞状NSCLC的主要治疗只能限于细胞毒性化疗。

已有研究发现,程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)及其配体PD-L1抑制剂对鳞状和非鳞状NSCLC均有效。对于转移性鳞状NSCLC,如果肿瘤细胞PD-L1表达≥50%,其标准一线治疗为基于铂的化疗或帕博利珠单抗。最近,对于非鳞状NSCLC患者,帕博利珠单抗+化疗也表现出可显着延长总生存期。

2018年9月,《N Engl J Med》上发表的一项研究,考察了帕博利珠单抗+化疗一线治疗转移性鳞状NSCLC的有效性和安全性。

在这项双盲3期试验中,研究者将559名未经治的转移性鳞状NSCLC患者,按照1:1的比例随机分配到帕博利珠单抗200mg组或生理盐水安慰剂组,共进行35个周期;所有患者前4个周期均接受卡铂联合紫杉醇或纳米白蛋白结合紫杉醇。首要终点为总生存期和无进展生存期。

中位随访7.8个月后,帕博利珠单抗组和安慰剂组的中位总生存期分别为15.9个月(95% 置信区间[CI],13.2~未达到)和11.3个月(95% CI,9.5~14.8)(死亡风险比[HR],0.64;95% CI,0.49~0.85;P<0.001)。无论PD-L1表达水平如何,总生存期获益都一致。

帕博利珠单抗组和安慰剂组的中位无进展生存期分别为6.4个月(95% CI,6.2~8.3)和4.8个月(95% CI,4.3~5.7)(疾病进展或死亡的HR,0.56;95% CI,0.45~0.70;P<0.001)。

帕博利珠单抗组和安慰剂组≥3级不良事件发生率分别为69.8%和68.2%。不良事件造成的停止治疗,帕博利珠单抗组比在安慰剂组更常见(13.3% vs 6.4%)。

因此,在既往未经治的转移性鳞状NSCLC患者中,与仅化疗相比,将帕博利珠单抗添加到卡铂+紫杉醇或纳米白蛋白结合紫杉醇的化疗中,可显着延长总生存期和无进展生存期。(ClinicalTrials.gov编号,NCT02775435)

当前试验和其他3项3期试验的结果表明,无论组织学亚型或肿瘤细胞PD-L1表达水平如何,加入帕博利珠单抗作为一线治疗转移性NSCLC都具有良好的疗效。患者的总生存期(OS)和无进展生存期(PFS)与单独化疗组相比均可显着延长而使患者获益。

原始出处:

Paz-Ares L, Luft A, Vicente D, et al. Pembrolizumab plus Chemotherapy for Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Sep 25. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1810865.

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    2018-11-04 smartjoy
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