Science Advances :重大进展!沈阳药科大学孙进团队对阿霉素进行改造,对于肿瘤治疗有更好的益处

2020-11-15 椰子 iNature

在过去的几十年中,已经广泛研究了纳米颗粒药物递送系统(nano-DDS)用于癌症治疗。不幸的是,只有少数产品已成功地转化为临床应用。

在过去的几十年中,已经广泛研究了纳米颗粒药物递送系统(nano-DDS)用于癌症治疗。不幸的是,只有少数产品已成功地转化为临床应用。大多数抗肿瘤药物缺乏与纳米载体的亲和力,导致药物载量低(通常少于10%),胶体稳定性差以及全身循环中药物过早泄漏。此外,如何实现肿瘤特异性药物释放也是纳米递送系统设计的一个挑战。

沈阳药科大学孙进团队在Science Advances 在线发表题为“Trisulfide bond–mediated doxorubicin dimeric prodrug nanoassemblies with high drug loading, high self-assembly stability, and high tumor selectivity”的研究论文,该研究报道三硫键的简单插入可以将阿霉素同二聚体前药转变为自组装纳米颗粒,具有三个好处:高载药量(67.24%,w / w),高自组装稳定性和高肿瘤选择性。

与二硫键和硫醚键相比,三硫键有效地提高了阿霉素同二聚体前药的自组装能力,从而改善了前药纳米组装体的胶体稳定性和体内命运。与传统的二硫键相比,三硫键还显示出更高的谷胱甘肽敏感性,并且这种敏感性使得能够有效地释放肿瘤特异性药物。因此,与正常细胞相比,三硫键桥连的前药纳米组装体对肿瘤细胞表现出高选择性的细胞毒性,从而显着降低了阿霉素的全身毒性。该研究发现为癌症治疗用先进的氧化还原敏感纳米DDS的设计提供了新的见识。

在过去的几十年中,已经广泛研究了纳米颗粒药物递送系统(nano-DDS)用于癌症治疗。不幸的是,只有少数产品已成功地转化为临床应用。大多数抗肿瘤药物缺乏与纳米载体的亲和力,导致药物载量低(通常少于10%),胶体稳定性差以及全身循环中药物过早泄漏。此外,如何实现肿瘤特异性药物释放也是纳米递送系统设计的一个挑战。

阿霉素(DOX)是一线化疗药物,具有强大的抗肿瘤活性。但是,阿霉素的效率受到严重副作用的限制,包括心脏毒性和骨髓抑制。Doxil(脂质体DOX)是美国食品药品监督管理局批准的首个纳米药物,可显着降低阿霉素的心脏毒性。但是,即使使用远程装载技术,Doxil的药物装载量也仅为11%,并且大量使用的脂质材料会带来潜在的安全风险。此外,活性药物在肿瘤部位的释放效率低下,也阻碍了Doxil的抗肿瘤功效。

针对这些问题,已经开发了基于前药的自组装纳米颗粒(NP),整合了前药策略和纳米载体的优势。与传统的纳米递送系统相比,前药纳米组装件表现出明显的高载药量和低毒性。在先前的研究中,开发了基于阿霉素,喜树碱(CPT)或SN-38的同型二聚体前药,以构建高载药量的前药纳米组件。但是,由于平面芳香环之间的π-π堆积相互作用,抗癌剂(如DOX / CPT / SN-38)具有很强的分子间作用力。结果,相应的同二聚体前药表现出差的自组装能力并且倾向于在水中沉淀。

为了防止形成大的聚集体,常规方法通过插入桥连基团(例如,带有可旋转的带有σ键的苯环)或柔性接头(例如,硫键),将“结构缺陷”引入前药中。与二硫键相比,三硫键在桥中包含一个额外的硫原子,这是生物分子中的关键键,其功能范围包括蛋白质和肽的构象的微妙调节和组装稳定性。三硫键具有三个硫原子和两个含硫的二面角,这可能进一步促进了同二聚体前药的自组装。

据报道,肿瘤细胞中谷胱甘肽(GSH)的浓度比血液中的高1000倍以上,并且比正常细胞中的高得多。针对肿瘤细胞中过表达的GSH,二硫键已被广泛用作设计氧化还原反应性递送系统的“黄金标准”。GSH可将二硫键还原为亲水性巯基,从而促进母体药物的释放。与二硫键相比,三硫键可能对GSH更敏感,因为它具有三个氧化还原反应位点和较高的氧化还原电位。

基于上述考虑,该研究试图探索三硫键对同型二聚体前药纳米组装体的影响。使用硫醚键,二硫键或三硫键作为键合,合成了三种同二聚体DOX前药。简单插入三硫键可以将DOX同型二聚体前药转变为均匀的纳米结构:高载药量(67.24%,w / w),高自组装稳定性和高肿瘤选择性。

与二硫键和硫醚键相比,三硫键显着促进了DOX同二聚体前药的自组装,从而改善了前药纳米组装体的胶体稳定性,药代动力学和肿瘤蓄积。此外,三硫键显示出比二硫键更高的GSH敏感性。结果,三硫键桥联的前药纳米组装体对肿瘤细胞表现出了比正常细胞更高的选择性细胞毒性,从而大大降低了DOX的全身毒性。该研究发现为癌症治疗用先进的氧化还原敏感纳米DDS的设计提供了新的见识。

原始出处:

Yinxian Yang, Bingjun Sun, Shiyi Zuo, et al.Trisulfide bond-mediated doxorubicin dimeric prodrug nanoassemblies with high drug loading, high self-assembly stability, and high tumor selectivity.Sci Adv. 2020 Nov 4;6(45):eabc1725. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1725. Print 2020 Nov.

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    0

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1007831, encodeId=7521100e831e4, content=努力。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4c295432031, createdName=ms3000001695435295, createdTime=Sat Aug 14 12:19:54 CST 2021, time=2021-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814547, encodeId=117a181454e08, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f72795e80d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重大进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95780, encryptionId=f72795e80d0, topicName=重大进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 12 10:28:40 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1304130, encodeId=57a913041304a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c5558298426' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82984, encryptionId=c5558298426, topicName=肿瘤治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376207, encodeId=0e3313e62075c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899384, encodeId=75f9899384c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c7cb5435132, createdName=ms9000000245223815, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 21:30:24 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899368, encodeId=6fd5899368a6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa0582e6946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤#</a>细胞中<a href='/topic/show?id=186e921e7e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#谷胱甘肽#</a>(GSH)的浓度比血液中的高1000倍以上, 这也可能是肿瘤耐药的关键原因,肿瘤细胞本身具有强大的修复能力。但是,这个改进有多大作用,还需要验证。<a href='/topic/show?id=1c429e95813' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿霉素#</a>已被多种形式改进过,成为<a href='/topic/show?id=11ee432923f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多柔比星#</a>,<a href='/topic/show?id=b13410402e00' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂质体多柔比星#</a>等,但是临床效果仍然很难得到大的改善,除非进行彻底改变!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82769, encryptionId=aa0582e6946, topicName=肿瘤), TopicDto(id=92177, encryptionId=186e921e7e0, topicName=谷胱甘肽), TopicDto(id=97958, encryptionId=1c429e95813, topicName=阿霉素), TopicDto(id=43292, encryptionId=11ee432923f, topicName=多柔比星), TopicDto(id=104027, encryptionId=b13410402e00, topicName=脂质体多柔比星)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 20:49:04 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899354, encodeId=7e88899354bb, content=指南功能真棒, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2a25330277, createdName=148ca0a9m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 19:12:50 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899341, encodeId=9a86899341a4, content=祝贺, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0b685432260, createdName=ms5000001096868093, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 17:26:10 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1007831, encodeId=7521100e831e4, content=努力。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4c295432031, createdName=ms3000001695435295, createdTime=Sat Aug 14 12:19:54 CST 2021, time=2021-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814547, encodeId=117a181454e08, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f72795e80d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重大进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95780, encryptionId=f72795e80d0, topicName=重大进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 12 10:28:40 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1304130, encodeId=57a913041304a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c5558298426' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82984, encryptionId=c5558298426, topicName=肿瘤治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376207, encodeId=0e3313e62075c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899384, encodeId=75f9899384c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c7cb5435132, createdName=ms9000000245223815, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 21:30:24 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899368, encodeId=6fd5899368a6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa0582e6946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤#</a>细胞中<a href='/topic/show?id=186e921e7e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#谷胱甘肽#</a>(GSH)的浓度比血液中的高1000倍以上, 这也可能是肿瘤耐药的关键原因,肿瘤细胞本身具有强大的修复能力。但是,这个改进有多大作用,还需要验证。<a href='/topic/show?id=1c429e95813' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿霉素#</a>已被多种形式改进过,成为<a href='/topic/show?id=11ee432923f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多柔比星#</a>,<a href='/topic/show?id=b13410402e00' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂质体多柔比星#</a>等,但是临床效果仍然很难得到大的改善,除非进行彻底改变!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82769, encryptionId=aa0582e6946, topicName=肿瘤), TopicDto(id=92177, encryptionId=186e921e7e0, topicName=谷胱甘肽), TopicDto(id=97958, encryptionId=1c429e95813, topicName=阿霉素), TopicDto(id=43292, encryptionId=11ee432923f, topicName=多柔比星), TopicDto(id=104027, encryptionId=b13410402e00, topicName=脂质体多柔比星)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 20:49:04 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899354, encodeId=7e88899354bb, content=指南功能真棒, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2a25330277, createdName=148ca0a9m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 19:12:50 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899341, encodeId=9a86899341a4, content=祝贺, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0b685432260, createdName=ms5000001096868093, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 17:26:10 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-17 jichang
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1007831, encodeId=7521100e831e4, content=努力。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4c295432031, createdName=ms3000001695435295, createdTime=Sat Aug 14 12:19:54 CST 2021, time=2021-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814547, encodeId=117a181454e08, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f72795e80d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重大进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95780, encryptionId=f72795e80d0, topicName=重大进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 12 10:28:40 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1304130, encodeId=57a913041304a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c5558298426' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82984, encryptionId=c5558298426, topicName=肿瘤治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376207, encodeId=0e3313e62075c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899384, encodeId=75f9899384c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c7cb5435132, createdName=ms9000000245223815, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 21:30:24 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899368, encodeId=6fd5899368a6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa0582e6946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤#</a>细胞中<a href='/topic/show?id=186e921e7e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#谷胱甘肽#</a>(GSH)的浓度比血液中的高1000倍以上, 这也可能是肿瘤耐药的关键原因,肿瘤细胞本身具有强大的修复能力。但是,这个改进有多大作用,还需要验证。<a href='/topic/show?id=1c429e95813' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿霉素#</a>已被多种形式改进过,成为<a href='/topic/show?id=11ee432923f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多柔比星#</a>,<a href='/topic/show?id=b13410402e00' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂质体多柔比星#</a>等,但是临床效果仍然很难得到大的改善,除非进行彻底改变!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82769, encryptionId=aa0582e6946, topicName=肿瘤), TopicDto(id=92177, encryptionId=186e921e7e0, topicName=谷胱甘肽), TopicDto(id=97958, encryptionId=1c429e95813, topicName=阿霉素), TopicDto(id=43292, encryptionId=11ee432923f, topicName=多柔比星), TopicDto(id=104027, encryptionId=b13410402e00, topicName=脂质体多柔比星)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 20:49:04 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899354, encodeId=7e88899354bb, content=指南功能真棒, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2a25330277, createdName=148ca0a9m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 19:12:50 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899341, encodeId=9a86899341a4, content=祝贺, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0b685432260, createdName=ms5000001096868093, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 17:26:10 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-15 ms9000000245223815

    学习

    0

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    2020-11-15 lovetcm

    #肿瘤#细胞中#谷胱甘肽#(GSH)的浓度比血液中的高1000倍以上, 这也可能是肿瘤耐药的关键原因,肿瘤细胞本身具有强大的修复能力。但是,这个改进有多大作用,还需要验证。#阿霉素#已被多种形式改进过,成为#多柔比星##脂质体多柔比星#等,但是临床效果仍然很难得到大的改善,除非进行彻底改变!

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1007831, encodeId=7521100e831e4, content=努力。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4c295432031, createdName=ms3000001695435295, createdTime=Sat Aug 14 12:19:54 CST 2021, time=2021-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814547, encodeId=117a181454e08, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f72795e80d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重大进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95780, encryptionId=f72795e80d0, topicName=重大进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 12 10:28:40 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1304130, encodeId=57a913041304a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c5558298426' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82984, encryptionId=c5558298426, topicName=肿瘤治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376207, encodeId=0e3313e62075c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Nov 17 07:28:40 CST 2020, time=2020-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899384, encodeId=75f9899384c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c7cb5435132, createdName=ms9000000245223815, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 21:30:24 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899368, encodeId=6fd5899368a6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa0582e6946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤#</a>细胞中<a href='/topic/show?id=186e921e7e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#谷胱甘肽#</a>(GSH)的浓度比血液中的高1000倍以上, 这也可能是肿瘤耐药的关键原因,肿瘤细胞本身具有强大的修复能力。但是,这个改进有多大作用,还需要验证。<a href='/topic/show?id=1c429e95813' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿霉素#</a>已被多种形式改进过,成为<a href='/topic/show?id=11ee432923f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多柔比星#</a>,<a href='/topic/show?id=b13410402e00' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂质体多柔比星#</a>等,但是临床效果仍然很难得到大的改善,除非进行彻底改变!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82769, encryptionId=aa0582e6946, topicName=肿瘤), TopicDto(id=92177, encryptionId=186e921e7e0, topicName=谷胱甘肽), TopicDto(id=97958, encryptionId=1c429e95813, topicName=阿霉素), TopicDto(id=43292, encryptionId=11ee432923f, topicName=多柔比星), TopicDto(id=104027, encryptionId=b13410402e00, topicName=脂质体多柔比星)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 20:49:04 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899354, encodeId=7e88899354bb, content=指南功能真棒, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2a25330277, createdName=148ca0a9m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 19:12:50 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899341, encodeId=9a86899341a4, content=祝贺, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0b685432260, createdName=ms5000001096868093, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 17:26:10 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-15 148ca0a9m16暂无昵称

    指南功能真棒

    0

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    2020-11-15 ms5000001096868093

    祝贺

    0

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