Brain:一种或可治疗痴呆症、帕金森病等多种神经退行性疾病的“神药”

2017-04-24 漱石 生物探索

英国莱斯大学的研究人员发现,抗抑郁药曲唑酮可以防止神经退行性疾病中的神经元死亡,这一研究发表于Brain上,为阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病的治疗带来希望。2013年,英国莱斯特大学等机构的研究人员在Science Translational Medicine上发表了一项研究。研究人员通过动物实验发现,一种新研发的口服药可阻止神经退行性疾病引发的神经细胞死亡,这为阿尔茨海默症、帕金森病等疾病的治疗带来新希

英国莱斯大学的研究人员发现,抗抑郁药曲唑酮可以防止神经退行性疾病中的神经元死亡,这一研究发表于Brain上,为阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病的治疗带来希望。

2013年,英国莱斯特大学等机构的研究人员在Science Translational Medicine上发表了一项研究。研究人员通过动物实验发现,一种新研发的口服药可阻止神经退行性疾病引发的神经细胞死亡,这为阿尔茨海默症、帕金森病等疾病的治疗带来新希望。

但是,这种药的副作用十分严重,会对实验鼠胰腺造成损伤,导致体重持续减轻、轻度糖尿病等症状。当时,领导研究的Giovanna Mallucci教授希望能开发出副作用小、适合服用的药物。

现在,他们已经找到了两种同样具有大脑保护效应的药物,并且已经安全地用于人类。Giovanna Mallucci教授希望能尽快在痴呆症患者中开展人体临床试验,这一研究结果发表在近日的Brain期刊上。

工作原理

这种新方法的原理在于脑细胞内建立的自然防御机制。当病毒劫持脑细胞时,病毒蛋白会产生积聚。此时,细胞会关闭几乎所有的蛋白质生产以阻止病毒的扩散。

阿尔茨海默症、帕金森病等神经退行性疾病也存在错误折叠蛋白在大脑中不断堆积的过程,它激活了同样的防御反应,不过后果要严重的多——这些神经细胞关闭蛋白生产太久,以至于它们最终都饿死了,从而造成脑功能损伤,破坏认知记忆或者运动能力。

那么,是否有一种方法能够阻止错误蛋白的聚集呢?

在此前的研究中,研究人员使用了一种防止防御机制启动的化合物。它阻止了小鼠中朊病毒病的发展。进一步的研究表明,该方法可以阻止一系列退行性疾病。尽管这种化合物对胰腺有毒性,但这些发现仍然被视为该领域的重大突破。

发现更加安全的药物

自2013年以来,研究小组已经对线虫,培养皿中的人类细胞和小鼠进行了1000多种现成药物的检测。其中,两种药物能够通过阻止脑细胞死亡来预防痴呆症和朊病毒病。

Mallucci教授表示:“这两种药物都具有非常高的保护性,防止记忆障碍,瘫痪和脑细胞功能障碍。”其中之一是用于治疗抑郁症的曲唑酮。另外一种是DBM,正在癌症患者中进行检测。

Mallucci教授说:“现在是进行临床试验的时候,看看人类中是否有类似的效果,并进一步确认我们的实验结果。虽然不太可能完全治愈患者,但如果能阻止疾病发展,阿尔茨海默病对患者生活造成的影响会小得多。”

虽然曲唑酮是目前被批准使用的药物,但她补充说:“作为专业人士,医生和科学家,我必须建议人们等待结果。”

专家意见

阿尔茨海默症协会的Doug Brown博士表示:“我们对这些研究结果的潜力感到兴奋。由于其中一种药物已经可以作为抑郁症的治疗方法,所以从实验室到上市的时间可能会大大缩短。”

来自帕金森英国的David Dexter医生说:“这是一个非常强大且重要的研究。如果这些研究在人类临床试验中得以重复,曲唑酮和DBM都可能成为该领域向前迈出的重要一步。”

原始出处:

Halliday M, Radford H, Zents KAM, Molloy C,et al. Repurposed drugs targeting eIF2α-P-mediated translational repression prevent neurodegeneration in mice. Brain. 2017 Apr 19.

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1836146, encodeId=35b31836146f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4613e1212fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71212, encryptionId=4613e1212fc, topicName=痴呆症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=726030, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Mon May 01 00:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1957141, encodeId=2d5b195e141c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5879e458629' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经退行#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74586, encryptionId=5879e458629, topicName=神经退行)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=33b92500139, createdName=12498b37m72暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Dec 25 07:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1735370, encodeId=4aef1e35370fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=740394686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#退行性疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94686, encryptionId=740394686b2, topicName=退行性疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a0233899115, createdName=ZGMFX35A, createdTime=Thu Nov 02 11:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=190252, encodeId=8349190252c1, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaEK5Eneh18O0icVSxspFLgn3dqabHS1xS4ypibWxVa0gDyxvenib1NfOjKz4hictZTg4ZicJlIarr5FPfrQ/0, createdBy=4d9b1438093, createdName=ms9000001047130108, createdTime=Mon Apr 24 21:36:48 CST 2017, time=2017-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=190211, encodeId=2ea819021176, content=好好学习,涨知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLANEL7Sww3HicKsN9aribicAmGGWXOIMEiaZ1iadgZg9RibjqSwIKUS8gSPib2NwTVg2zVvVJhdP3BkuDIl/0, createdBy=944d1605392, createdName=shaosai, createdTime=Mon Apr 24 17:29:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=190202, encodeId=f1461902024a, content=期待, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuGwOpkA8EMmVrb6doWiaZPicpDaYAC9ZictlMINGGFAUSHhUgZYvT4iba4ibd17icv0As1iaOzMiatOmXwoX/0, createdBy=02341971510, createdName=eleventhhour, createdTime=Mon Apr 24 17:04:34 CST 2017, time=2017-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=190192, encodeId=c34819019231, content=神经退行性疾病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdicLmdJEK9VoiaDianY6fzHNN9iaGv80m39pMHU3eSnNN0kn1o0rdQ7Bz2f03Qibcf1ia7rKvxIt4UVlErF2d4gCmDC5/0, createdBy=98e31740255, createdName=cqykthl, createdTime=Mon Apr 24 16:28:57 CST 2017, time=2017-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=190179, encodeId=2f2c1901e9b0, content=拭目以待, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18741984753, createdName=smartxiuxiu, createdTime=Mon Apr 24 15:46:26 CST 2017, time=2017-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-24 ms9000001047130108

    学习了

    0

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    2017-04-24 shaosai

    好好学习,涨知识

    0

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    2017-04-24 eleventhhour

    期待

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    2017-04-24 cqykthl

    神经退行性疾病

    0

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    2017-04-24 smartxiuxiu

    拭目以待

    0

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