Nat Commun:从人类皮肤细胞创建产生胰岛素的胰腺细胞

2016-01-11 佚名 生物谷

格莱斯顿研究所(Gladstone Institutes)和加州大学旧金山分校(University of California, San Francisco,UCSF)科学家们已经成功地将人类皮肤细胞转化为全功能的胰腺细胞。新细胞可响应血糖水平变化而产生胰岛素,在被移植入小鼠疾病模型后,这些细胞保护小鼠免于罹患糖尿病。 这项新研究2016年1月6日发表于Nature Communication

格莱斯顿研究所(Gladstone Institutes)和加州大学旧金山分校(University of California, San Francisco,UCSF)科学家们已经成功地将人类皮肤细胞转化为全功能的胰腺细胞。新细胞可响应血糖水平变化而产生胰岛素,在被移植入小鼠疾病模型后,这些细胞保护小鼠免于罹患糖尿病。

这项新研究2016年1月6日发表于Nature Communications期刊,也代表了细胞重新编程技术的重大进步,这将使科学家们能够有效地扩大胰腺细胞生产,并且以步进、受控的方式制造数万亿靶细胞。这一成就开启了疾病建模和药物筛选的大门,并使个性化细胞疗法距离糖尿病患者更近一步。

"我们的结果首次证明,人类成人皮肤细胞可以被用来有效而快速地生成行为类似于人类β细胞的功能性胰腺细胞"该研究共同资深作者、UCSF糖尿病中心主任Matthias Hebrok博士说,"这一发现开启了分析患者特定胰腺β细胞属性和优化细胞疗法的机会。"

在这项研究中,科学家们首次使用药物和基因分子来将皮肤细胞重新编程为到内胚层祖细胞(endoderm progenitor cells)--早期发育细胞,被指定(发育)成熟为多种不同类型的器官之一。使用这种方法,细胞不需要回溯到多能干细胞状态,这意味着科学家们能够将它们更快地转化为胰腺细胞。使用类似的程序,研究人员之前已经创建了心脏、大脑和肝脏细胞。

在另外4种分子被添加后,内胚层细胞迅速分裂,超过万亿倍的扩增。至关重要的是,这些细胞没有显示任何肿瘤形成的证据,它们保持了作为早期器官特定细胞的身份。

科学家们随后将这些内胚层细胞向前推进了两个步骤,首先成为胰腺前体细胞,然后变成全功能胰腺β细胞。最重要的是,在疾病模型中,这些细胞能够保护小鼠免于罹患糖尿病,并且具备响应血糖水平变化而产生胰岛素的关键能力。

"这项研究代表着使用一种直接的细胞重编程方法,首次成功创建产生人类胰岛素的胰腺β细胞。"该研究第一作者、格莱斯顿心血管疾病研究所博士后研究员Saiyong Zhu博士说,"最后一步是最独特和最困难的,因为之前没有已经确定的能够在培养皿中将重新编程的细胞转化为功能性胰腺细胞的分子。"

该研究共同资深作者、格莱斯顿Roddenberry干细胞中心资深研究员Sheng Ding博士补充道:"新的细胞重新编程和扩增模式,在可持续性和可扩展性方面比之前的方法更好。使用这种方法,可以大规模增加细胞生产,同时在多个步骤中保持质量控制。这一发展确保了新细胞制造过程中更大(严格)的监管。现在,我们可以产生几乎无限数量的患者-匹配胰腺细胞。"

原始出处:

Human pancreatic beta-like cells converted from fibroblasts.Nat Commun.2016 

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    2016-02-06 baoya
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    2016-03-05 liuli5079
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    2016-09-22 liye789132251
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