Nature:科学家发现减慢胰岛素降解的化合物

2014-05-26 何嫱 生物通

来自哈佛大学的科学家们发现了一个可以在动物体内减慢胰岛素降解的化合物,这为开发出一种潜在的糖尿病新疗法打开了大门。研究人员证实,利用这一新发现的化合物来抑制小鼠体内的胰岛素降解酶(IDE),可以升高小鼠的胰岛素水平,促进胰岛素信号。最终,在患者中使用这一化合物有可能帮助维持较高的胰岛素水平,改善葡萄糖耐受,由此治疗糖尿病。来自哈佛大学的华裔科学家David Liu和化学与化学生物学副教授

来自哈佛大学的科学家们发现了一个可以在动物体内减慢胰岛素降解的化合物,这为开发出一种潜在的糖尿病新疗法打开了大门。

研究人员证实,利用这一新发现的化合物来抑制小鼠体内的胰岛素降解酶(IDE),可以升高小鼠的胰岛素水平,促进胰岛素信号。最终,在患者中使用这一化合物有可能帮助维持较高的胰岛素水平,改善葡萄糖耐受,由此治疗糖尿病。

来自哈佛大学的华裔科学家David Liu和化学与化学生物学副教授Alan Saghatelian,将发现的这种新化合物以及在小鼠中证实其效力的一些测试结果发布在5月21日的《自然》(Nature)杂志上。

David Liu现为哈佛大学化学及化学生物学教授,霍华德休斯医学研究所研究员。据称这位教授是一位从来没有做过博士后的年轻教授,他早年毕业于哈佛大学,1999年在加州大学伯克利校区攻读博士学位,在Peter Schultz教授指导下从事核糖核酸研究,并自主首次开始活细胞遗传密码的研究。之后就被哈佛大学任命为助教授,2004年晋升为教授。Liu教授曾被麻省理工学院技术评论列入全球Top 100 青年发明家(35岁以下),“大众科学”亦将其列入全美Top10最具才气的青年科学家。

David Liu说:“这项工作验证了糖尿病的一个新的潜在治疗靶点。在模拟摄入膳食的情况下,我们证实如果预先给予动物这种化合物抑制IDE,可以改善葡萄糖耐受。”

数十年来,基于胰岛素的糖尿病治疗包括三个主要策略:给糖尿病患者注射胰岛素,提供药物刺激胰岛素分泌,或是给予一些药物让身体对胰岛素更敏感。

Saghatelian说:“却一直忽视了调控胰岛素降解的能力。我们取得了这一技术飞跃,鉴别出了一种实现这种能力的分子。它开辟了一条体内控制胰岛素信号的新途径。”

为了获得这种新分子,David Liu、Saghatelian和同事们转向借助了DNA模板合成,一种根据连接DNA序列构建自组装新分子的方法,由此构建出了约14,000个DNA连接化合物。随后,研究人员将其与IDE孵育,希望找到一些结合IDE酶的化合物。

David Liu说:“从化合物库中,我们发现了一种有效的选择性IDE抑制剂。最重要的是,这一分子在动物体内具有良好的半衰期,因此可以用来解答一个60年的谜题,即当你减慢体内胰岛素的天然降解时会发生什么。”

鉴别出一种可以抑制IDE的分子还只是第一步。

研究人员还设法证实了这种新化合物可在体内维持活性,小鼠实验表明它能够帮助调控血糖水平。

David Liu说:“为了验证这一策略:减慢胰岛素降解实际上具有临床作用,我们必须证实这一化合物可以短暂抑制靶标,以及它在动物体内具有有益效应。在这项研究中我们证实了这些。”

除指出了通向治疗糖尿病新疗法的一条途径,研究人员还揭示了有关IDE在体内作用机制的一些新信息。

“在解析一些看似矛盾的结果的过程中,我们发现IDE实际上有点名不副实。它不止降解了胰岛素,还至少降解了两种其他的重要葡萄糖调节肽类激素:胰高血糖素和胰淀素(Amylin)。”

David Liu指出,尽管发现这种新分子令人兴奋,或许仍需一段时间这种新化合物才能登上药店的货架。

“开发一种药物需要开展大量其他的测试和开发。这项工作证实了IDE是糖尿病的一个新治疗靶点,它提供了一些实验工具,可利用它们来将这一化合物进一步开发为潜在的治疗先导药物。”

Saghatelian 说:“这篇论文提供了一个概念证明,靶向这一蛋白是一条该走之路。”

原始出处:

Maianti JP1, McFedries A1, Foda ZH2, Kleiner RE1, Du XQ3, Leissring MA4, Tang WJ5, Charron MJ3, Seeliger MA2, Saghatelian A1, Liu DR6.Anti-diabetic activity of insulin-degrading enzyme inhibitors mediated by multiple hormones.Nature. 2014 May 21. doi: 10.1038/nature13297. [Epub ahead of print]


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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    国真实妊娠糖尿病患病率应该在这两种方案得到的患病率之间

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20825, encodeId=c2822082507, content=国真实妊娠糖尿病患病率应该在这两种方案得到的患病率之间, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18362, encodeId=78c5183623c, content=写的不错的 <br> , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=8f8085190, createdName=Dana, createdTime=Sun Mar 15 21:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802212, encodeId=616518022120a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Tue Feb 24 11:57:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906285, encodeId=de0e1906285fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Fri Apr 17 12:57:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880075, encodeId=84e218800e5d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Oct 15 08:57:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749475, encodeId=dc761e494756c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sat Nov 15 13:57:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-15 Dana

    写的不错的

    0

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    2014-10-15 liye789132251
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    2014-11-15 baoya

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