eLife:科学家揭开抑癌又促癌扩散的双刃剑蛋白的神秘面纱

2015-07-02 佚名 生物谷

来自加利福尼亚大学的研究人员近日研究发现了一种新型的细胞信号通路,该通路或许可以有效控制结直肠癌的发生和发展,该通路中的一种关键蛋白被认为可以有效预测结直肠癌患者的癌症生存率,相关研究刊登于国际杂志eLife上。 这种特殊蛋白名为“散乱蛋白”,其富含亮氨酸残基或Daple基因,机体中几乎所有的健康细胞都会产生散乱蛋白,而且该蛋白可以帮助不同组织中的细胞来进行多种生物学过程的协调,比如器官发育和维

来自加利福尼亚大学的研究人员近日研究发现了一种新型的细胞信号通路,该通路或许可以有效控制结直肠癌的发生和发展,该通路中的一种关键蛋白被认为可以有效预测结直肠癌患者的癌症生存率,相关研究刊登于国际杂志eLife上。

这种特殊蛋白名为“散乱蛋白”,其富含亮氨酸残基或Daple基因,机体中几乎所有的健康细胞都会产生散乱蛋白,而且该蛋白可以帮助不同组织中的细胞来进行多种生物学过程的协调,比如器官发育和维护等。本文研究首次表明,Daple基因也是一种肿瘤抑制基因,尽管其仅在癌症早期阶段出现;在癌症晚期阶段,当癌细胞从主要的癌症部位逃脱,并且在血液中进行循环时,散乱蛋白就会使得癌细胞更加具有侵袭力,同时更易于扩散。

医学博士Pradipta Ghosh指出,Daple基因是两刃刀,其在癌症早期阶段扮演着肿瘤抑制子的角色,但在癌症晚期阶段却预示着患者的死亡状态,而本文中我们希望通过研究揭开Daple的真正面目;文章中研究者对173名2期结肠癌患者的肿瘤样本进行分析,检测了Daple的水平,在这些个体中,较低水平的Daple往往和患者在两年期间较差的预后直接相关,而高水平的Daple则和患者在相同时间内较好的存活率相关。

随后研究者对51名4期结直肠癌患者的血液样本进行收集分析,检测Daple的水平,在这些晚期癌症患者中,高水平Daple的患者在1000天期间仅有20%的存活率,而低水平Daple的患者则生存率为100%。随后研究人员利用荧光成像技术研究表明,Daple基因可以通过调节名为G蛋白的家族信号蛋白的活性来发挥功能,G蛋白可以促进细胞对周围环境进行感知并且作出反应,大约30%的处方药都会通过G蛋白偶联受体来影响细胞的功能。

研究者报道说,G蛋白信号有可能既传输肿瘤抑制的效应,又传输非意愿性的肿瘤扩散效应;而G蛋白信号对癌症患者预后的影响则依赖于G蛋白信号发生的位置及时间。下一步研究者希望通过更为深入的研究在抑制Daple基因负向作用的同时,通过更多的方法来放大其对机体的有益作用,研究者希望以其作为靶点来开发更多新型的抵御结直肠癌的新型疗法。

原始出处

Aznar N1, Midde KK1, Dunkel Y1, Lopez-Sanchez I1, Pavlova Y1, Marivin A2, Barbazán J3, Murray F1, Nitsche U4, Janssen KP4, Willert K5, Goel A6, Abal M3, Garcia-Marcos M2, Ghosh P1.Daple is a novel non-receptor GEF required for trimeric G protein activation in Wnt signaling.Elife. 2015 Jun 30

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    2015-08-20 膀胱癌
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    2016-03-23 clmlylxy
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    2016-02-29 changhe722
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    2015-07-04 huaxipanxing

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加热蛋白溶菌酶能杀灭诺如病毒

日本东京海洋大学的一个研究小组日前宣布,在实验中发现,加热处理鸡蛋蛋白含有的溶菌酶,能灭活诺如病毒。这是由于溶菌酶能破坏包裹诺如病毒基因的外壳。 诺如病毒会引发急性肠胃炎和食物中毒。这种病毒具有强大的感染力,只要有10至100个病毒体进入人体,就会导致感染,目前还没有有效的抗病毒剂。 研究小组利用实验鼠的诺如病毒替代人类诺如病毒进行了实验。他们将蛋白中含有的溶菌酶在100摄氏度下加热40分钟,

Nanomedicine:巨噬细胞为中枢神经系统输送治疗性蛋白提供开关

活化的靶向的输送纳米配制的氧化还原酶、过氧化氢酶,在帕金森病动物模型中巨噬细胞的氧化应激变弱,却增加了多巴胺能神经元的存活。优化的药物配方在活细胞中成功的输送是至关重要的。我们早些时候证明将过氧化氢酶融入带有一种合成聚电解质嵌段共聚物的聚离子复合胶束(纳米酶)中,保护酶在巨噬细胞中降解,改善治疗的结果。我们现在报告制造的具有优越结构和疗效指数的纳米酶。 合成、表征和最佳细胞的纳米配方的治疗效果得