Nat Biotechnol:重编程使腺泡细胞转化为功能性β细胞助力糖尿病治疗

2014-01-19 MedSci MedSci原创

胰腺中的腺泡细胞一般不进行胰岛素生产。近日,加州大学的科学家们利用细胞因子,成功将腺泡细胞诱导成为功能性的β细胞。这项研究发表在Nature Biotechnology杂志上,文章的第一作者是加州大学UCSF糖尿病中心的Luc Baeyens。研究显示,腺泡细胞向β细胞转化,可以使小鼠体内的胰岛素和葡萄糖水平恢复正常。这一成果为人们提供了治疗糖尿病的新途径。研究人员先给小鼠注射了特别针对β细胞的毒

胰腺中的腺泡细胞一般不进行胰岛素生产。近日,加州大学的科学家们利用细胞因子,成功将腺泡细胞诱导成为功能性的β细胞。这项研究发表在Nature Biotechnology杂志上,文章的第一作者是加州大学UCSF糖尿病中心的Luc Baeyens。研究显示,腺泡细胞向β细胞转化,可以使小鼠体内的胰岛素和葡萄糖水平恢复正常。这一成果为人们提供了治疗糖尿病的新途径。

研究人员先给小鼠注射了特别针对β细胞的毒素,使小鼠表现出糖尿病症状。五周之后,他们又将一种特殊的微型泵移植到小鼠体内,这些微型泵能够连续七天释放出两种信号分子(细胞因子)。

研究显示,经过两种细胞因子(表皮生长因子和睫状神经营养因子)的处理后,小鼠体内的葡萄糖和胰岛素含量恢复到了正常水平。而且在研究结束之后的八个月,小鼠体内依然保持了正常的血糖水平。

研究人员经过深入分析发现,上述两种细胞因子的治疗效果,是通过“重编程”腺泡细胞实现的。胰腺中的腺泡细胞一般分泌消化酶而不是胰岛素。研究显示,细胞因子能诱导腺泡细胞表现出β细胞的特性,包括进行葡萄糖感知和胰岛素分泌。

此前有研究指出,通过病毒载体引入特定的转录因子,可以在小鼠体内对腺泡细胞进行重编程。但Baeyens及其同事是首次向人们展示,通过药物治疗就可以在活体动物中将腺泡细胞重编程为β细胞。病毒载体有一定的风险也比较难操作,而药物注射既简单又安全。

一型糖尿病是一种自身免疫疾病,在这种疾病中免疫系统对胰腺的β细胞展开攻击,导致其功能受损。而这项研究为人们提供了新的实用策略,有助于治疗与β细胞功能障碍有关的糖尿病。

“我们在小鼠模型中的发现,可以应用到人类胰腺,为治疗糖尿病提供新的靶标。在此基础上,人们可以利用药物帮助机体生成新的β细胞,抵抗免疫系统对β细胞的攻击,使一型糖尿病的患者受益,”Baeyens说。“我们的小鼠模型有望在不远的将来成为研发平台,帮助人们筛选和测试有治疗潜力的新化合物。”

原始出处:

Baeyens L, Lemper M, Leuckx G, De Groef S, Bonfanti P, Stangé G, Shemer R, Nord C, Scheel DW, Pan FC, Ahlgren U, Gu G, Stoffers DA, Dor Y, Ferrer J, Gradwohl G, Wright CV, Van de Casteele M, German MS, Bouwens L, Heimberg H.Transient cytokine treatment induces acinar cell reprogramming and regenerates functional beta cell mass in diabetic mice.Nat Biotechnol. 2014 Jan;32(1):76-83. doi: 10.1038/nbt.2747

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    2014-05-15 cathymary
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    2014-02-27 sunylz
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1989918, encodeId=12c7198991895, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3207e6735ae' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76735, encryptionId=3207e6735ae, topicName=糖尿病治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e6a1280, createdName=zhanglin3079, createdTime=Tue Jan 28 21:34:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927607, encodeId=9e97192e607ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a59234e3b4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Biotech#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3473, encryptionId=a59234e3b4, topicName=Biotech)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=226a143, createdName=cathymary, createdTime=Thu May 15 03:34:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1917017, encodeId=8081191e0171b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Feb 27 09:34:00 CST 2014, time=2014-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1915381, encodeId=0dee1915381d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=22a1328e7e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32877, encryptionId=22a1328e7e5, topicName=功能性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=570f404, createdName=xlxchina, createdTime=Sat Mar 29 07:34:00 CST 2014, time=2014-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1652092, encodeId=7b981652092af, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=13d01e24509' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TEC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17245, encryptionId=13d01e24509, topicName=TEC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=852f24292001, createdName=shock_melon, createdTime=Mon Oct 20 02:34:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1879874, encodeId=f7f618e98749a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Aug 02 10:34:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1618830, encodeId=59501618830b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=007419239ca' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#β细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=19239, encryptionId=007419239ca, topicName=β细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b69919964433, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Tue Jan 21 13:34:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=6899, encodeId=1ff4689991, content=重编程虽然有意义,但是最大问题在于如何实际应用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Mon Jan 20 09:07:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-10-20 shock_melon
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    2014-08-02 liye789132251
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    2014-01-20 lovetcm

    重编程虽然有意义,但是最大问题在于如何实际应用

    0

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