专家教您:颈椎锻炼法

2015-04-28 北京积水潭医院脊柱外科韦祎 梁学亚(整理) cmt

低头看手机是很多人走路吃饭都离不了的习惯。实验证明,低头玩手机等于脖子挂2个大西瓜的重量,对颈椎的伤害可想而知!成年男性的头大约有8公斤左右,脖子相当于一个杠杆。在正常情况下,这个脖子顶着头是直立位比较轻松。但是低头的时候,特别是低头超过45度,头的重量就会通过杠杆放大,大约到脖子上就会有30公斤大小,30公斤不光是两个大西瓜,还是两个特别大的西瓜。很多“低头族”在看手机的时候,低头角度大多超过4

低头看手机是很多人走路吃饭都离不了的习惯。实验证明,低头玩手机等于脖子挂2个大西瓜的重量,对颈椎的伤害可想而知!

成年男性的头大约有8公斤左右,脖子相当于一个杠杆。在正常情况下,这个脖子顶着头是直立位比较轻松。但是低头的时候,特别是低头超过45度,头的重量就会通过杠杆放大,大约到脖子上就会有30公斤大小,30公斤不光是两个大西瓜,还是两个特别大的西瓜。很多“低头族”在看手机的时候,低头角度大多超过45度,对颈椎的伤害可想而知!

长期低头是对颈椎最糟糕的,要大于计算机软件或者出租车司机群体。手机、iPad,因为用苹果的产品太多了,会导致这种情况,我们有时候把它统称“苹果病”。

门诊当中也有很多年龄很小的小朋友,也会觉得脖子不舒服,一照片子发现,颈椎的生理前曲已经没有了,已经变直了,出现早期的颈椎病。

颈椎最害怕的是一个姿势不动。电脑族或者出租车司机,因为全神贯注颈椎不动,一、两块肌肉长期使力没有得到休息,最后肌肉劳损,进一步诱发骨骼和间盘系统的颈椎病。对于低头来说是更糟糕的事情,一方面它同时具备了局部肌肉劳损的现状,同时,局部受力过大,等于是在一个高强度的情况下劳损,它的病变以及损伤的情况会更快。

长期坐着、长期看电视、长期用电脑的人,应该在40分钟到1个小时起来活动活动。小学、中学课程一般都在45分钟左右,其实这个是有科学道理的。

颈椎有部分肌肉是从颈椎到肩膀,所以肩部的负重,拎重东西或者背大书包,抱一些重的东西和小孩都会增加颈椎的负担,有可能会增加颈椎病的风险。

颈椎病一般早期的都是肌肉病变,等到晚期了才会出现间盘、骨骼病变。X光片看到正常只能说您的骨骼基本还可以,没有大问题,但是并不意味着您的肌肉是完全正常的。

其实绝大部分的病人,特别是年轻的病人,通过很好的锻炼,改变习惯,颈椎病都能得到很好的缓解。已经开始出现颈肩痛的病人,特别要注意,如果通过改变生活作息一周的时间,颈肩部的酸胀感觉逐渐缓解了,那么问题就不大。反过来如果问题是持续的,一直加重,即使休息了依旧很疼,最好来医院看一下。

对于颈椎早期的劳损可以通过轻轻地按摩肌肉,帮助肌肉放松来得到缓解。但是颈椎病有很多种,最严重的是脊髓型颈椎病,这个时候大家按摩一定要小心,过度按摩有可能导致疾病的加重,在临床上会碰到过,不恰当的按摩导致颈椎病加重,最后引起非常严重的神经障碍甚至瘫痪来治疗的也有。所以当大家不知道自己是什么类型,最好能看一下医生,得到指导后会更安全一些。

医生的情况其实更糟糕,我们也很担心我们的颈椎,脊柱外科的同事就有得颈椎病的。两种危险因素都占了:

第一是低头做手术,低头角度都很大。而且为了手术更清晰和安全,会佩戴一些特殊的仪器,包括头戴式的光源、便携式的放大镜,加在头上会很重。

第二就是不能动。比如戴上纤维外科的放大镜,视野里面就能看到一根神经,不敢动,头稍微挪动两到三度就找不到那根神经了。

颈椎有多个方向可以活动,屈伸旋转前后移,这些活动都可以,有人喜欢画米字,有的人喜欢转动颈椎放松。另外颈部的肌肉不光在颈椎上,它会连接在肩胛骨和上肢,耸肩、上臂的活动也能放松颈椎。



下班后不要呆在家里,可以放风筝、游泳、打羽毛球来放松颈部。要提醒的是,颈椎不舒服的人不适宜打乒乓球,运动也不要过于剧烈。

【锻炼方法1】头手较劲,锻炼颈椎

看电视是锻炼和保养颈椎的大好时机。可以模仿“大鹏展翅”的动作来增加颈椎肌肉韧性:站立,轻轻弯腰至90度,将手臂向两侧展开,仿佛在展翅飞翔,但不要抬头,坚持5分钟。

【锻炼方法2】大鹏展翅

后伸较力:两手手指交叉置于头后,手臂用力向前,颈部用力向后,头手较劲。2.侧方较力:一手掌置于头侧面,手臂与颈部用力较劲,作等长收缩。3.前屈较力:双手置于额部,手臂与颈屈肌肉群用力较劲。4.抗重力肌肉力量的训练:分别侧卧、仰卧或俯卧于床边,分别做侧屈、前屈、前后拉伸的动作。

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    2016-03-20 1de5ae28m43(暂无匿称)

    可以试试

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=71850, encodeId=e5a0e1850d9, content=可以试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e0ee1691188, createdName=1de5ae28m43(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Mar 20 08:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68675, encodeId=80f4686e53f, content=如果遇到康复治疗师,只能说这是初级训练, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b8481616621, createdName=Nyur, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 11:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25377, encodeId=94c7253e768, content=锻炼!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25378, encodeId=989b253e8cd, content=可以尝试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23492, encodeId=357d23492a6, content=试试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5571624672, createdName=Wuyue6233, createdTime=Wed May 13 22:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22376, encodeId=449b223e6ac, content=简单实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ddd1621320, createdName=zdl0016, createdTime=Fri May 01 17:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22191, encodeId=c6642219107, content=操作试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 14:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-12 Nyur

    如果遇到康复治疗师,只能说这是初级训练

    0

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    2015-05-30 yydlt

    锻炼!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=71850, encodeId=e5a0e1850d9, content=可以试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e0ee1691188, createdName=1de5ae28m43(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Mar 20 08:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68675, encodeId=80f4686e53f, content=如果遇到康复治疗师,只能说这是初级训练, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b8481616621, createdName=Nyur, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 11:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25377, encodeId=94c7253e768, content=锻炼!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25378, encodeId=989b253e8cd, content=可以尝试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23492, encodeId=357d23492a6, content=试试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5571624672, createdName=Wuyue6233, createdTime=Wed May 13 22:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22376, encodeId=449b223e6ac, content=简单实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ddd1621320, createdName=zdl0016, createdTime=Fri May 01 17:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22191, encodeId=c6642219107, content=操作试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 14:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-30 yydlt

    可以尝试!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=71850, encodeId=e5a0e1850d9, content=可以试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e0ee1691188, createdName=1de5ae28m43(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Mar 20 08:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68675, encodeId=80f4686e53f, content=如果遇到康复治疗师,只能说这是初级训练, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b8481616621, createdName=Nyur, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 11:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25377, encodeId=94c7253e768, content=锻炼!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25378, encodeId=989b253e8cd, content=可以尝试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23492, encodeId=357d23492a6, content=试试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5571624672, createdName=Wuyue6233, createdTime=Wed May 13 22:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22376, encodeId=449b223e6ac, content=简单实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ddd1621320, createdName=zdl0016, createdTime=Fri May 01 17:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22191, encodeId=c6642219107, content=操作试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 14:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-13 Wuyue6233

    试试!

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=71850, encodeId=e5a0e1850d9, content=可以试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e0ee1691188, createdName=1de5ae28m43(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Mar 20 08:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68675, encodeId=80f4686e53f, content=如果遇到康复治疗师,只能说这是初级训练, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b8481616621, createdName=Nyur, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 11:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25377, encodeId=94c7253e768, content=锻炼!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25378, encodeId=989b253e8cd, content=可以尝试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23492, encodeId=357d23492a6, content=试试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5571624672, createdName=Wuyue6233, createdTime=Wed May 13 22:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22376, encodeId=449b223e6ac, content=简单实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ddd1621320, createdName=zdl0016, createdTime=Fri May 01 17:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22191, encodeId=c6642219107, content=操作试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 14:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-01 zdl0016

    简单实用

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=71850, encodeId=e5a0e1850d9, content=可以试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e0ee1691188, createdName=1de5ae28m43(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Mar 20 08:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68675, encodeId=80f4686e53f, content=如果遇到康复治疗师,只能说这是初级训练, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b8481616621, createdName=Nyur, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 11:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25377, encodeId=94c7253e768, content=锻炼!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=25378, encodeId=989b253e8cd, content=可以尝试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=yydlt, createdTime=Sat May 30 09:26:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23492, encodeId=357d23492a6, content=试试!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5571624672, createdName=Wuyue6233, createdTime=Wed May 13 22:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22376, encodeId=449b223e6ac, content=简单实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ddd1621320, createdName=zdl0016, createdTime=Fri May 01 17:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22191, encodeId=c6642219107, content=操作试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 14:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-28 chenhui888

    操作试试

    0

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