European Radiology:近端神经DTI在鉴别CMT亚型中的应用

2022-06-02 shaosai MedSci原创

弥散张量成像(DTI)在检测周围神经病变方面的能力越来越受到关注。DTI指标对水扩散率的细微变化十分敏感。

Charcot-Marie-Tooth(CMT)病一组遗传性运动和感觉神经病,是最常见的遗传性神经肌肉疾病,每10万人中有40人受到影响。根据神经传导研究和神经病理学,CMT被分为两大类:I型,其特点是神经传导速度(NCV)减慢和病理发现的髓鞘异常;II型,NCV正常或低于正常,病理证据是慢性轴突退化和再生。CMT1A是CMT 1型中最常见的亚型(60-70%),是由外周血髓鞘蛋白22(PMP22)基因的重复引起的髓鞘功能障碍。CMT2约占所有CMT病例的20%,与几个基因的突变有关,导致轴突运输缺陷和原发性轴突变性。

目前,CMT亚型的诊断鉴别是基于电生理研究、临床评估、分子检测和神经活检。然而,由于远端外周神经的严重损伤,神经传导研究往往无法进行。尽管CMT1A和CMT2具有典型的临床表型,但仅通过临床评估,特别是在疾病的早期阶段,轻度的CMT1A与CTM2是无法区分的。神经活检是一种侵入性检查,在日常工作中并不常规进行。基因测序的应用越来越广泛,可以进行准确的诊断和亚型划分。然而,CMT相关的基因很多,高昂的费用也限制了在不发达地区的应用。

弥散张量成像(DTI)在检测周围神经病变方面的能力越来越受到关注。DTI指标对水扩散率的细微变化十分敏感。但据我们所知研究CMT的其他亚型以及与CMT1A的区别的研究十分稀少,研究结果差异性较大

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究进一步探讨了MR神经成像和DTI在区分CMT1A、CMT2和健康对照组方面的作用,为无创CMT分型提供了技术支持。

本研究比较了L4-L5神经根、股神经(FN)和坐骨神经(SN)的直径、各向异性(FA)、平均扩散率(MD)、轴向扩散率(AD)和径向扩散率(RD)。进行了受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线分析以评估诊断性能。应用DeLong's检验来比较多条ROC曲线。计算类内相关系数以评估观察者之间的一致性。 

CMT1A患者的L4神经根、L5神经根和SN的直径明显大于CMT2患者和健康对照的直径。对照组所有测量的近端神经的FA值(0.46±0.09,0.46±0.08,0.45±0.07,和0.48±0.08)明显高于CMT1A患者(0.30±0.09,0.29±0.06,0.35±0.08,和0.29±0.09)。对照组的L5神经根、FN和SN的FA值(0.46±0.08,0.45±0.07,和0.48±0.08)明显高于CMT2患者(0.36±0.06,0.34±0.07,和0.34±0.10)。CMT1A患者的L5神经根的MD和RD值(1.59 ± 0.21和1.37 ± 0.21)高于CMT2患者(1.31 ± 0.17和1.05 ± 0.14)。上述参数的AUC从0.780到1.000不等。对于神经直径的测量,ICC从0.91到0.97不等。对于DTI指标的测量,ICC从0.87到0.97不等。 


 ROI分析的示例在b0图(A1-4)上手工创建双侧L4神经根(A1)、L5神经根(A2)、股神经(A3)和坐骨神经(A4)的模型(红色区域)。然后将这些ROI模型(红色区域)应用于核苷酸各向异性图(B1-4)和平均扩散率图(C1-4)

本研究表明,使用直径与近端周围神经的DTI参数相结合在区分CMT1A患者、CMT2患者和健康对照组方面具有很高的诊断性能。

原文出处:

Xingwen Sun,Xiaoxuan Liu,Qiang Zhao,et al.Proximal nerve MR neurography with diffusion tensor imaging in differentiating subtypes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08506-4

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    2023-03-09 feather89
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    2022-12-05 whlxd
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    2022-06-04 hittouch
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    2022-06-02 医鸣惊人

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