[重复]JAMA Intern Med:母乳喂养半年以上 宝妈糖尿病风险减半

2018-05-11 贾朝娟 环球医学

谈起母乳喂养的益处,大家可能都如数家珍,如增加新生儿免疫力使之免受感染和疾病的侵害、促进婴儿感觉和认知的发育、有助于母亲产后身体恢复和减少母亲产后抑郁的发生等。但既往研究表明,母乳喂养对女性慢性病的影响很小。

谈起母乳喂养的益处,大家可能都如数家珍,如增加新生儿免疫力使之免受感染和疾病的侵害、促进婴儿感觉和认知的发育、有助于母亲产后身体恢复和减少母亲产后抑郁的发生等。但既往研究表明,母乳喂养对女性慢性病的影响很小。

2018年3月,发表在《JAMA Intern Med》的一项为期30年的研究调查了生育年龄女性哺乳期持续时间和进展至糖尿病的相关性。

基于以自我报告糖尿病,老年女性中哺乳期持续时间与糖尿病具有微弱的保护性关联(哺乳期每年降低3%~15%发生率),但生育期后开始的研究很容易受到既往不可测混杂因素或来自既往生化风险状态的反向因果关系、围产期结局和整个生育年龄期间行为的影响。

本项研究在妊娠前后进行生化检测,并考虑妊娠前心血管代谢检测指标、妊娠期糖尿病(GD)和生活方式行为等因素,评估哺乳期与进展至糖尿病之间的关联。

对于这项US多中心、基于社区的为期30年的前瞻性队列研究,来自青少年冠状动脉风险进展(CARDIA)研究的1238名基线时(1985~1986年)18~30岁无糖尿病的青年黑人和白人女性,在基线后有1胎或多胎活产,报道了哺乳期持续时间,并在基线后30年内(1986-2016)进行了7次糖尿病筛查

研究暴露为基线后30年内,所有分娩婴儿母亲时间依赖性哺乳持续时间类型(无,>0至6个月,>6至<12个月,≥12个月)。

主要结局和测试指标为每1000人-年的糖尿病发病率、校正的相对危险度及相应95%CIs,以及校正生化、社会人口统计学和生殖风险因素、糖尿病家族史、生活方式和随访期内体重变化的比例危险回归模型。

本分析共纳入1238名女性(平均[SD]年龄,24.2[3.7]岁;615名黑人女性)。

在27598人-年中有182例糖尿病,总发病率为6.6例/1000人-年;GD和无GD女性的比率分别是18.0和5.1(P<0.001)。

哺乳期持续时间与糖尿病发病率呈较强的分级负相关:0~6个月的校正RH,0.75;6~12个月为0.52,12个月或以上为0.53 vs无(0日)(P=0.01)。

无证据表明民族、GD或胎次有影响。

作者认为,这项研究提供的纵向生物化学证据表明,哺乳期持续时间与糖尿病发病率较低单独相关。需要进一步的调查来阐明解释这种关系可能的机制。

在这一为期30年的观察性研究中,年轻白人和黑人女性母乳喂养6个月以上患2型糖尿病的风险降低了47%,母乳喂养6个月或更少时间患糖尿病的风险降低了25%,即使考虑怀孕前生化检测指标、临床和人口统计学风险因素、妊娠期糖尿病、生活方式行为和先前研究未阐明的体重增加后仍是如此。

本研究提供的证据支持哺乳可能降低女性患糖尿病风险的假设;这些结果为研究导致葡萄糖耐受不良的机制开辟了新的途径。

“母乳喂养好”的理念已经深入人心,该项研究再为普及母乳喂养提供有力证据。小编呼吁,作为一名女性,为了自身的健康,最好要顺应母性的自然,因为哺乳不仅有益于婴儿,也有益于自己。

原始出处:

Gunderson EP, Lewis CE, Lin Y, et al. Lactation Duration and Progression to Diabetes in Women Across the Childbearing Years: The 30-Year CARDIA Study. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Mar 1;178(3):328-337. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.7978.

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1665055, encodeId=0bb4166505507, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8664008e1a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喂养#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40087, encryptionId=c8664008e1a, topicName=喂养)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Wed Sep 26 17:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299585, encodeId=a5f612995851f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sun May 13 11:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608817, encodeId=48c4160881e65, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun May 13 11:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314239, encodeId=afd331423909, content=谈起母乳喂养的益处.大家可能都如数家珍.如增加新生儿免疫力使之免受感染和疾病的侵害.促进婴儿感觉和认知的发育.有助于母亲产后身体恢复和减少母亲产后抑郁的发生等.但既往研究表明.母乳喂养对女性慢性病的影响很小., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Fri May 11 22:25:34 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314226, encodeId=b256314226f7, content=学习一下谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLGSUSR8zwnWWLT4FMl5XH8S58HuZslVkLsAPbXDXaliagK7TOxQfmngKibG1yrDonepCLDkcxGk8hS/0, createdBy=b8282062892, createdName=changjiu, createdTime=Fri May 11 21:42:49 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314218, encodeId=30c1314218f6, content=母.乳喂养对婴儿.母亲均有益., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri May 11 21:00:15 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-05-13 villahu
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    2018-05-11 有备才能无患

    谈起母乳喂养的益处.大家可能都如数家珍.如增加新生儿免疫力使之免受感染和疾病的侵害.促进婴儿感觉和认知的发育.有助于母亲产后身体恢复和减少母亲产后抑郁的发生等.但既往研究表明.母乳喂养对女性慢性病的影响很小.

    0

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    2018-05-11 changjiu

    学习一下谢谢

    0

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    2018-05-11 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    母.乳喂养对婴儿.母亲均有益.

    0

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