Nat Mater:重磅:中国学者揭示肝癌机制

2017-10-10 佚名 肿瘤资讯、中山大学肿瘤防治中心

今天上午,中山大学肿瘤防治中心召开肝癌早诊早治技术重大突破新闻发布会,徐瑞华教授领衔中美团队发现肝癌精准诊治新方法,破获肝癌血液“身份指纹”,研究成果于北京时间10月10日凌晨在国际学术顶尖杂志《Nature Materials》(影响因子39.737)上发表。

今天上午,中山大学肿瘤防治中心召开肝癌早诊早治技术重大突破新闻发布会,徐瑞华教授领衔中美团队发现肝癌精准诊治新方法,破获肝癌血液“身份指纹”,研究成果于北京时间10月10日凌晨在国际学术顶尖杂志《Nature Materials》(影响因子39.737)上发表。

研究详情

循化肿瘤DNA甲基化标记物用于肝细胞癌的诊断和预后

用于肝细胞癌(HCC)诊断和预后的基于血液的有效方法尚未开发,循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)携带癌症特异性基因及表观遗传异常,可成为一种用于癌症诊断及监测的具有非侵入性的液体活检手段。就此,我们通过比较HCC组织和正常血液白细胞,发现HCC肿瘤DNA同血浆ctDNA的甲基化特征高度匹配,从而确定了一项HCC特异性甲基化标记物。采用 1098例HCC患者大规模队列的ctDNA样本和835例正常组对照,构建了一种具有高度敏感性及特异性的诊断预测模型(P<0.001),其同肿瘤负荷、治疗反应及分期高度相关。此外,我们建立了一种有效地预测预后及生存的预后预测模型(P<0.001)。总之,在大规模队列中的上述研究结果证实了ctDNA甲基化标记物在HCC的诊断、监测和预后判断方面的应用价值。

关于“癌王”,您知道么?

肝癌,被称为“癌中之王”,2015年统计资料表明,全世界每年肝癌新发和死亡病例分别为78.3万和74.6万,其中我国肝癌新发和死亡病例分别高达46.6万和42.2万,均占全世界肝癌新发和死亡病例的50%以上,造成的生命损失和公共卫生负担可谓触目惊心。

肝癌起病隐匿,患者一旦出现临床症状,病情往往已经处于中晚期而失去根治性治疗的机会,预后极其凶险;而早期获得诊断的患者经过有效治疗,5年生存率可达到50%以上。一直以来,医生们都在血液中寻找合适的肝癌早期诊断标志物,现有的肝癌标志物甲胎蛋白AFP虽然在部分患者血液中可检测到明显的升高(超过20ng/ml),但是其敏感性只有60%左右,这就意味着如果仅依赖AFP作为早期诊断的标志物,100个肝癌患者中将有40个会漏诊。

肝癌“身份指纹”被破获

临床上目睹太多中晚期肝癌患者家庭痛失亲人的悲剧,中山大学肿瘤防治中心的消化道肿瘤专家徐瑞华教授锁定了研究目标:一定要攻克肝癌早诊的世界性难题,减少悲剧的发生。在经过无数个日夜艰苦的探求之后,2017年10月,徐瑞华教授与美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校的张康教授带领的中美科学家团队终于研究出通过检测少量血液中ctDNA特定位点甲基化水平,对肝癌进行早期诊断及疗效和预后预测的新方法。

ctDNA相当于肿瘤细胞释放到血液中的身份指纹,由于其携带有与原发肿瘤相一致的甲基化改变,理论上可以利用ctDNA的甲基化谱对肿瘤进行诊断,这一被称为“液体活检”(Liquid Biopsy)的新技术已经成为当前肿瘤研究领域的热点之一。但是,ctDNA在血液中的含量极微,每毫升血中仅有约20ng,相当于一滴水的一亿分之一,并且混杂在更大量的正常游离DNA背景中,在这么微量的ctDNA中检测单个碱基的甲基化水平,好比在机场和火车站的数百万人流中找到个别犯罪分子,其难度可想而知。

以中山大学徐瑞华教授为首的中国科学家和以加州大学圣地亚哥分校张康教授为首的美国科学家团队密切协作,经过艰苦的探索,先后攻克了稳定提取微量ctDNA、提高重亚硫酸盐转化效率、靶向甲基化PCR扩增及测序、海量数据的统计学分析处理等一个个技术壁垒,终于从40多万个候选位点中分别寻找到10个早期诊断和疗效相关以及8个预后相关的位点,就像是破获了肝癌的“身份指纹”,让即使是很早期的肝癌病灶也无所遁形。

这一新方法与传统的肝癌诊断技术相比具有明显的优越性,首先是简便快速,仅需抽取几毫升的血液即可完成检测,患者可避免活检创伤和放射性辐射;其次是诊断敏感性和特异性更高,误诊和漏诊率大大降低;再次可以实时监测肿瘤的疗效,并早于常规影像学检查数周乃至数月发现肿瘤的复发;最后是经济性,尤其是在大规模肝癌筛查中的应用,能够节约大量宝贵的医疗资源。

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    2018-03-01 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882504, encodeId=dc37188250465, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Mar 01 22:36:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=254105, encodeId=76b22541056a, content=非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzXprUCFDMuY1SXH96r8MdtExF6fhSNLulicdUBcsodicYROXqf5icqDWFAOicfEqYtDcjL6HvrQrvmO1/0, createdBy=db841700299, createdName=克勤, createdTime=Wed Oct 18 20:24:27 CST 2017, time=2017-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=253416, encodeId=9d7925341617, content=学习了谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Mon Oct 16 13:26:59 CST 2017, time=2017-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=252242, encodeId=817d252242b3, content=很好的专题,值得品味及分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/mzZkwf53jx0oribz8WkmVTPTSib4iaRMXz6nkEOaqWPjgyYWQoLa8J2WCicWvb8SrhhZz5sgUcwmQnMQ1lJcA7Fhxg/0, createdBy=9b182084756, createdName=yunger, createdTime=Thu Oct 12 14:49:39 CST 2017, time=2017-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549197, encodeId=6d70154919eac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Thu Oct 12 12:36:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=251833, encodeId=59b825183370, content=已经在朋友圈里刷屏了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aadd1680584, createdName=蔬菜, createdTime=Wed Oct 11 00:28:06 CST 2017, time=2017-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-10-18 克勤

    非常好

    0

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    2017-10-16 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-10-12 yunger

    很好的专题,值得品味及分享

    0

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    2017-10-12 xxxx1054
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882504, encodeId=dc37188250465, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Mar 01 22:36:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=254105, encodeId=76b22541056a, content=非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzXprUCFDMuY1SXH96r8MdtExF6fhSNLulicdUBcsodicYROXqf5icqDWFAOicfEqYtDcjL6HvrQrvmO1/0, createdBy=db841700299, createdName=克勤, createdTime=Wed Oct 18 20:24:27 CST 2017, time=2017-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=253416, encodeId=9d7925341617, content=学习了谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Mon Oct 16 13:26:59 CST 2017, time=2017-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=252242, encodeId=817d252242b3, content=很好的专题,值得品味及分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/mzZkwf53jx0oribz8WkmVTPTSib4iaRMXz6nkEOaqWPjgyYWQoLa8J2WCicWvb8SrhhZz5sgUcwmQnMQ1lJcA7Fhxg/0, createdBy=9b182084756, createdName=yunger, createdTime=Thu Oct 12 14:49:39 CST 2017, time=2017-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549197, encodeId=6d70154919eac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Thu Oct 12 12:36:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=251833, encodeId=59b825183370, content=已经在朋友圈里刷屏了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aadd1680584, createdName=蔬菜, createdTime=Wed Oct 11 00:28:06 CST 2017, time=2017-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-10-11 蔬菜

    已经在朋友圈里刷屏了

    0

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