J Clin Oncol:Atezolizumab一线治疗PD-L1阳性晚期NSCLC有效,OS接近2年

2017-06-20 wrangx 肿瘤资讯

依据POLAR和OAK研究数据,Atezolizumab批准用于NSCLC的二线治疗,但未要求根据PD-L1表达选择患者。2017年6月15日JCO在线发表Ⅱ期BIRCH研究。Atezo一线治疗PD-L1阳性晚期NSCLC有效,OS接近2年,TC3或IC3患者ORR更高。

依据POLAR和OAK研究数据,Atezolizumab批准用于NSCLC的二线治疗,但未要求根据PD-L1表达选择患者。2017年6月15日JCO在线发表Ⅱ期BIRCH研究。Atezo一线治疗PD-L1阳性晚期NSCLC有效,OS接近2年,TC3或IC3患者ORR更高。

背景

晚期NSCLC一线(1L)含铂化疗mOS8~10个月,二线(2L)化疗改善生存期有限。尽管靶向治疗提高部分驱动基因阳性患者预后,但NSCLC仍期待更有效治疗。NSCLC免疫治疗领域批准的Checkpoint抑制剂有纳武单抗、派姆单抗和Atezolizumab(Atezo)。PD-L1为表达于肿瘤细胞(TC)或肿瘤浸润细胞(IC)的免疫检查点蛋白。PD-L1与受体PD-1或B7.1 (CD80)结合,抑制T细胞免疫反应促进肿瘤免疫逃逸,PD-L1或PD-1靶向药物解除抑制,增加肿瘤特异性T细胞免疫。
人源化抗PD-L1的免疫球蛋白G1单克隆抗体Atezo,与PD-L1结合,抑制PD-L1介导信号通路。Atezo为第一个证明对未治疗或经治晚期NSCLC有效的PD-L1抗体。TC或IC上PD-L1表达是Atezo疗效独立预测因素。BIRCH研究评价Atezo单药治疗PD-L1阳性IIIB/IV期NSCLC的疗效和安全性。

方法

BIRCH为Ⅱ期、全球、多中心、单臂研究。SP142检测PD-L1表达,TC PD-L1阳性定义为TC3 ≥50% 或TC2 ≥ 5%但<50%,IC PD-L1阳性定义为IC3 ≥10% 或IC2 ≥ 5%但<10%。研究分3个队列:队列1(未经化疗晚期NSCLC,1L)、队列2(一线含铂化疗进展晚期NSCLC,2L),队列3(至少2线化疗进展晚期NSCLC,≥3L)。首要研究终点为独立数据机构(IRF)评价客观有效率(ORR)、次要终点IRF-PFS、DOR、安全性。

纳入条件≥18岁、IIB/IV期、PD-L1阳性、ECOG0~1分、RECIST1.1可测量病灶。排除标准:CNS转移、肺炎病史、自身免疫病、慢性病感染。EGFR或ALK阳性要求靶向治疗进展或不能耐受。三队列均接受Atezo 1200mg 每3周一次。队列2或3在临床获益情况下可继续治疗。队列1评价进展后停止Atezo治疗。

结果

1.患者和治疗 2014年1月至2014年12月间分析患者3914例,PD-L1阳性(TC2/3或IC2/3)667例,阳性率36%。三个队列基线特征类似,中位年龄64岁,70%为非鳞癌。TC3或IC3占46%。659例(99%)接受Atezo治疗,中位治疗时间4.2个月,中位治疗次数7次。520例(79%)中断治疗,疾病进展占65%、不良反应占7%。

2.有效性  IRF评价ORR队列1、2和3分别为22%、19%和18%,见表1。TC3或IC3亚组ORR队列1、2和3分别为31%、26%和27%,见表1。治疗有效患者,DOR三组分别为9.8个月、NE和11.8个月,TC3或IC3亚组DOR三组分别为10个月、NE和7.2个月。中位PFS队列1较队列2、3明显延长,分别为5.8个月、2.8个月和2.8个月。

OS数据更新至2016年8月1日,中位随访22.5个月。队列1、2和3中位OS分别为23.5个月、15.5个月和13.2个月。TC3或IC3亚组队列1的OS最长26.9个月(12个月~NE)。队列1、2和3的1年OS率分别为队列66.4%、 58.1%和 52.3%。

3.安全性 不良事件(AE)发生率94%,65%与治疗相关。全部3~4级AE发生率42%,治疗相关占12%。TC3或IC3患者AE发生率与总体人群类似。最常见AE(≥10%)为乏力(19%)、腹泻(11%)、恶心(11%)、瘙痒(10%)。常见严重AE为肺炎(4%)、呼吸困难(3%)、发热(3%)、肺感染(2%)。出现1例治疗相关严重AE为肺炎。因AE中断治疗43例(7%)。

结论

BIRCH证明单药Atezo治疗PD-L1阳性晚期NSCLC有效且耐受性良好。PD-L1表达可作为Atezo临床获益的生物预测标志物。

启示

PD-L1阳性(TC或IC≥5%)晚期NSCLC,单药Atezo在各线治疗中均有效,二线及三线以上ORR18%~19%,一线ORR22%。≥2线OS14.6个月,与既往Ⅱ或Ⅲ期数据一致。一线治疗中位OS23.5个月(TC或IC3亚组26.9个月),优于既往一线化疗OS数据。无论1线或≥2线,Atezo的ORR在TC3或IC3亚组最高,但是一线治疗PFS在TC3/IC3亚组或TC2/IC2亚组间无差异,≥2线TC3/IC3亚组的PFS明显长于TC2/IC2亚组。OS获益与PD-L1表达无关,既往POPLAR和OAK试验发现ORR、PFS低于OS,尽管PD-L1表达患者ORR提高,但与OS关系不大。

BIRCH研究第一次大样本证实Atezo在一线疗效。帕姆单抗一线治疗PD-L1阳性(PD-L1≥50%)晚期NSCLC,ORR(45%对比28%),PFS(10.3个月对比6个月)而纳武单抗一线治疗PD-L1阳性(PD-L1≥1%)晚期NSCLC没有改善PFS或OS,甚至在TC≥50%亚组。目前Atezo一线治疗PD-L1阳性或Atezo联合化疗治疗PD-L1阴性NSCLC研究正在进行。

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    2017-11-25 minlingfeng
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    2017-12-01 snf701207
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    2017-06-21 smartjoy
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    2017-06-20 189****7206

    学习了谢谢分享。

    0

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