Hum Reprod Update:妊娠期子宫内膜异位症女性的前置胎盘风险增加

2015-12-28 candy MedSci原创

背景:传统的,妊娠对于子宫内膜异位症有一个积极的影响,其疼痛症状不仅因为排卵的抑制阻止了子宫内膜异位组织的出血,也包括与妊娠相关的不同的代谢、激素、免疫和血管生成。然而,越来越多的文献正在着手于研究子宫内膜异位症影响妊娠发展和妊娠结局,以及妊娠对子宫内膜异位的影响。本研究目的在于强调诊断妊娠期子宫内膜异位损伤的困难,讨论联系成像和症状治疗蜕膜化的子宫内膜异位症的选择问题;描述所有可能的子宫内膜异位

背景:传统的,妊娠对于子宫内膜异位症有一个积极的影响,其疼痛症状不仅因为排卵的抑制阻止了子宫内膜异位组织的出血,也包括与妊娠相关的不同的代谢、激素、免疫和血管生成。然而,越来越多的文献正在着手于研究子宫内膜异位症影响妊娠发展和妊娠结局,以及妊娠对子宫内膜异位的影响。本研究目的在于强调诊断妊娠期子宫内膜异位损伤的困难,讨论联系成像和症状治疗蜕膜化的子宫内膜异位症的选择问题;描述所有可能的子宫内膜异位症因妊娠引起的急性并发症,并评估潜在的治疗这些并发症的方法;评估是否子宫内膜异位症影响了妊娠结局,假设机制以解释潜在的关系。

方法:本次系统性回顾基于材料搜集和通过Pubmed和Medline数据库检索从1950年1月至2015年3月的文章。研究子宫内膜异位症在妊娠期的影响的同行评审和英文期刊也被囊括其中。

结果:因妊娠期间的激素环境的改变,子宫内膜损伤发生改变,由于非典型的症状使临床的治疗陷入两难。由于很少有这样的病例描述和有价值的文献回顾,对此的发病率也缺少正式评估,致使疾病管理变得十分具有挑战性。妊娠期子宫内膜异位症的急性并发症,比如自发性腹腔积血、肠和卵巢并发症,虽然罕见但是危机生命,在大多数这种情况下需要外科手术的管理。由于这些疾病的不可预见性,没有专门的指南指导额外的干预,在不知道子宫内膜异位症史的情况下定期监测妊娠妇女,也是可行的。即使公布的研究结果有争议,一些证据仍认为子宫内膜异位症与自然流产、早产和小于胎龄儿有一定的相关性。已经证实子宫内膜异位症与前置胎盘有相关性(根据多项研究得到的风险比范围为1.67-15.1),可能与受影响女性的异常频率和幅度的子宫收缩有关联。最后,没有证据显示预防性手术可以阻止子宫内膜异位本身对妊娠结局的不良影响。

结论:妊娠期子宫内膜异位症的并发症十分罕见,没有证据显示此疾病对于妊娠结局有主要的不利影响。因此,妊娠伴子宫内膜异位症的女性对于她们妊娠的过程可以放心,然而医生应该意识到会有潜在的前置胎盘风险增加。目前的证据并不支持对子宫内膜异位症女性在妊娠期间做定期监测。

原始出处:


Leone Roberti Maggiore, U., et al. (2016). A systematic review on endometriosis during pregnancy: diagnosis, misdiagnosis, complications and outcomes.Hum Reprod Update 22(1): 70-103.

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    2015-12-30 sunylz

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