PLOS Medicine:改变你的饮食,可以延长十年寿命

2022-02-10 王聪 “生物世界”公众号

人类进入20世纪以来,科技水平和医疗水平的进步,尤其是抗生素和疫苗的使用,粮食产量的提高,让人类的预期寿命得到了大幅提升,像日本等发达国家人均寿命已突破80岁。

人类进入20世纪以来,科技水平和医疗水平的进步,尤其是抗生素和疫苗的使用,粮食产量的提高,让人类的预期寿命得到了大幅提升,像日本等发达国家人均寿命已突破80岁。

我们知道,饮食是健康的基础,在全球范围内,饮食风险因素估计每年导致1100万人死亡和2.55亿伤残调整生命年(指从发病到死亡所损失的全部健康寿命年,包括因早死所致的寿命损失年和伤残所致的健康寿命损失年两部分)。

如今,西式饮食的广泛流行,这种饮食方式以高含量精加工糖和碳水化合物、高含量饱和脂肪酸、高含量动物蛋白以及低含量膳食纤维为特征,把各种食物原料进行精细加工,从中提取人类最喜爱的成分进行富集或添加,并补充食品添加剂来增加食物的色、香、味等外观口感、延长存储时间,从而使人能方便、快速、长久地满足口腹之欲。这种饮食方式显然不利于健康,也阻碍了人类预期寿命的增加。

2022年2月8日,挪威卑尔根大学的研究人员在 PLOS Medicine 期刊发表了题为:Estimating impact of food choices on life expectancy: A modeling study 的研究论文。

该研究通过建模评估食物选择对预期寿命的影响,结果结果显示,年轻人将饮食从典型的西式饮食转换为包括更多豆类、全谷物和坚果,以及更少红肉和加工肉类的优化饮食,能够延长预期寿命超过10年。而对于老年人来说,这种饮食改变对预期寿命好处有所减少,但仍然很可观。

在这项新研究中,研究团队利用现有的Meta分析和全球疾病负担研究数据建立了一个模型,该模型能够即时评估一系列饮食变化对预期寿命的影响。研究团队还将该模型做成了一个可以在线计算工具——Food4HealthyLife。

链接:https://food4healthylife.org/

通过该计算工具,选择之前的饮食模式和转换后的饮食模式(包括全谷物、鱼类、加工肉类、坚果、红肉、豆类、牛奶、蔬菜、水果、含糖饮料、精制谷物、鸡蛋、白肉和油的摄入量)、所处的地区(目前分为中国、欧洲、挪威、美国)、开始的年龄、性别,就能得出转换饮食模式对预期寿命的改变。

对增加预期寿命帮助最大的是吃更多豆类、更多全谷物、更多坚果,以及吃更少的红肉和更少的加工肉类

对于美国年轻人来说,该计算模型估计,从20岁开始从典型西式饮食持续转变为优化饮食,将使女性的预期寿命增加10.7年,将使男性预期寿命增加13.0年。从40岁开始转换饮食,则女性预期寿命增加10.0年,男性预期寿命增加11.7年。对于美国老年人来说,从60岁开始转换饮食,仍能大幅延长预期寿命,具体来说,可使女性预期寿命增加8.0年,使男性逾期寿命增加8.8年。即使从80岁才开始转换饮食,仍可延长预期寿命3.4年。

对于中国年轻人来说,该计算模型估计,从20岁开始从典型西式饮食持续转变为优化饮食,将使女性的预期寿命增加10.6年,将使男性预期寿命增加12.9年。从40岁开始转换饮食,女性预期寿命增加10.2年,男性预期寿命增加12.0年。从60岁开始转换饮食,女性预期寿命增加8.6年,男性逾期寿命增加9.3年,从80岁开始转换饮食,女性预期寿命增加3.4年,男性逾期寿命增加3.1年

该研究的领导者 Lars T. Fadnes 表示,了解不同食物组合的相对健康潜力可以使人们获得可行的且显着健康收益,而 Food4HealthyLife 计算器能够帮助计算改变饮食对预期寿命的影响,可能是临床医生、政策制定者和非专业人士了解饮食选择对健康影响的有用工具。

之前的许多研究已经表明特定的饮食模式对健康有益,但饮食方式的改变对健康和寿命的整体影响仍然知之甚少,而这项研究所建立的计算模型一定程度上弥补了这一差距。

原始出处:

Lars T. Fadnes, et al. Estimating impact of food choices on life expectancy: A modeling study. PLOS Medicine, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003889.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859232, encodeId=a76e185923202, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e0a9593596' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5935, encryptionId=e0a9593596, topicName=DIC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Wed Jun 08 08:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1235298, encodeId=79681235298fb, content=PLOS , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=98a18193012, createdName=ms9000001754851667, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 15:18:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774034, encodeId=08311e74034bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f014e1852' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CIN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4718, encryptionId=5f014e1852, topicName=CIN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a9a038523631, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 13:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1577873, encodeId=549215e7873be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cda91148004' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Medicine#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11480, encryptionId=cda91148004, topicName=Medicine)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54cd16396700, createdName=ms1692212821629096, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1611441, encodeId=0d0a1611441d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-06-08 jeanqiuqiu
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859232, encodeId=a76e185923202, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e0a9593596' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5935, encryptionId=e0a9593596, topicName=DIC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Wed Jun 08 08:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1235298, encodeId=79681235298fb, content=PLOS , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=98a18193012, createdName=ms9000001754851667, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 15:18:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774034, encodeId=08311e74034bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f014e1852' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CIN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4718, encryptionId=5f014e1852, topicName=CIN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a9a038523631, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 13:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1577873, encodeId=549215e7873be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cda91148004' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Medicine#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11480, encryptionId=cda91148004, topicName=Medicine)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54cd16396700, createdName=ms1692212821629096, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1611441, encodeId=0d0a1611441d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-28 ms9000001754851667

    PLOS

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859232, encodeId=a76e185923202, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e0a9593596' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5935, encryptionId=e0a9593596, topicName=DIC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Wed Jun 08 08:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1235298, encodeId=79681235298fb, content=PLOS , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=98a18193012, createdName=ms9000001754851667, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 15:18:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774034, encodeId=08311e74034bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f014e1852' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CIN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4718, encryptionId=5f014e1852, topicName=CIN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a9a038523631, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 13:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1577873, encodeId=549215e7873be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cda91148004' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Medicine#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11480, encryptionId=cda91148004, topicName=Medicine)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54cd16396700, createdName=ms1692212821629096, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1611441, encodeId=0d0a1611441d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-06-18 kalseyzl
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859232, encodeId=a76e185923202, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e0a9593596' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5935, encryptionId=e0a9593596, topicName=DIC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Wed Jun 08 08:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1235298, encodeId=79681235298fb, content=PLOS , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=98a18193012, createdName=ms9000001754851667, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 15:18:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774034, encodeId=08311e74034bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f014e1852' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CIN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4718, encryptionId=5f014e1852, topicName=CIN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a9a038523631, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 13:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1577873, encodeId=549215e7873be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cda91148004' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Medicine#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11480, encryptionId=cda91148004, topicName=Medicine)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54cd16396700, createdName=ms1692212821629096, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1611441, encodeId=0d0a1611441d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859232, encodeId=a76e185923202, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e0a9593596' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5935, encryptionId=e0a9593596, topicName=DIC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Wed Jun 08 08:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1235298, encodeId=79681235298fb, content=PLOS , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=98a18193012, createdName=ms9000001754851667, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 15:18:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774034, encodeId=08311e74034bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f014e1852' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CIN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4718, encryptionId=5f014e1852, topicName=CIN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a9a038523631, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 13:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1577873, encodeId=549215e7873be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cda91148004' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Medicine#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11480, encryptionId=cda91148004, topicName=Medicine)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54cd16396700, createdName=ms1692212821629096, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1611441, encodeId=0d0a1611441d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Feb 12 12:28:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

二甲双胍抗衰老人体试验,现在怎么样了?

如今,衰老被越来越多的认为是一种疾病,而不是一个自然过程。既然是疾病,那么就可以针对性治疗,甚至逆转。

Nature Aging:抗衰老产业的经济效益或达数十万亿美元

2021 年 7 月 5 日, Nature Aging 发表来自伦敦商学院 Andrew Scott 等人的题为:The economic value of targeting aging的文章。

Scientific Reports:既美味还抗大脑衰老?叫人如何不爱ta!

补充可可能减轻d-半乳糖诱导的衰老大鼠大脑的氧化应激、胆碱能损伤和凋亡!

武侠成真了?两篇Nature连发:输入年轻血液可以复活肌肉,而输入运动血液能让懒鼠变聪明!

“返老还童”一直是武侠小说中的情节,也是所有人梦寐以求的目标。科学界一直在探究衰老的机制,以期从中发现抗衰老的有效靶点。

Rejuvenation Research:是个狠人!他对自己进行基因治疗逆转衰老,并在论文中宣称年轻了28岁

现实世界中,从古至今,人们也从未放弃对长寿长生的追寻。进入新世纪以来,随着人类基因组计划的完成,越来越多的研究开始聚焦如何延长寿命或逆转衰老,人类似乎也距离理解寿命的真谛越来越近。

Nature Metabolism:中科院孙宇团队发现,葡萄籽提取物有抗衰老潜力

随着全球老龄化的加速,世界各国纷纷掀起了一股抗衰老研究的热潮,各种抗衰老药物和疗法也相继被发掘,例如烟酰胺、二甲双胍和Senolytics疗法等。