NEJM:LentiGlobin基因疗法治疗镰状细胞病

2022-02-18 Nebula MedSci原创

使用LentiGlobin一次性治疗可使镰状细胞病患者的大多数红细胞持续产生HbAT87Q,从而减少溶血,并完全解决严重的血管阻塞事件

镰状细胞病是一种遗传性血红蛋白分子功能紊乱疾患,当血红蛋白分子暴露在各种环境中,红细胞血红蛋白发生聚合,扭曲变形成镰状。镰状细胞病的特点是反复发生血管堵塞而引起疼痛危象。婴幼儿指(趾)、手(足)背肿痛多见,儿童和成人四肢肌痛,大关节疼痛和腰背痛多见。另外尚有剧烈腹痛、头痛、甚至昏迷和肢体瘫痪等。

采用LentiGlobin治疗镰状细胞病的基因疗法包括造血干和祖细胞的自体移植、BB305慢病毒载体编码修饰的β-珠蛋白基因(编码抗镰状血红蛋白HbAT87Q)转导。

在一项正在进行中的1-2期试验中,研究人员优化了A组最初的7例镰状细胞病患者和B组2例患者的治疗流程。C组是为了对镰状细胞病的LentiGlobin进行关键性评估而建立的,采用了更严格的纳入标准,要求在入组前24个月至少发生了4次严重的血管阻塞事件。在本次预定的中期分析中,研究人员评估了C组纳入的35位患者使用LentiGlobin的安全性和有效性。

血红蛋白水平的变化

截止2021年2月,35位患者均接受了一次LentiGlobin输注,中位随访了17.3个月(范围 3.7-37.6个月)。35位患者均发生了植入。中位总血红蛋白水平从基线时的8.5 g/dL增加到了输注后6个月至36个月的11g/dL及以上。HbAT87Q至少贡献了总血红蛋白的40%,分布在平均(±SD) 85±8%的红细胞中。

LentiGlobin输注的严重血管阻塞事件

受试患者的溶血指标总体降低。在可评估的25位患者中,所有患者的严重血管阻塞事件均有所解决,而在入组前24个月,平均每年会发生3.5次严重血管阻塞事件 (范围2.0-13.5次)。3位患者出现与LentiGlobin相关或可能相关的不严重的不良事件,在发病后1周内缓解。在长达37.6个月的随访中,未发现血液癌病例。

综上,使用LentiGlobin一次性治疗可使大多数红细胞持续产生HbAT87Q,从而减少溶血,并完全解决严重的血管阻塞事件

原始出处:

Julie Kanter, et al. Biologic and Clinical Efficacy of LentiGlobin for Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:617-628. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2117175

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