Cancer Cell:科学家阐明一种急性髓性白血病

2016-06-28 佚名 生物谷

发表在Cancer Cell杂志上的一项研究报告中,来自瑞士巴塞尔弗雷德里希米歇尔研究所生物医学研究所和巴塞尔大学的研究人员通过研究揭示了为何相同遗传异常的急性白血病患者会因细胞起源而引发疾病恶化程度不同;研究者发现,癌症诱发的改变如果发生在早期造血干细胞表达特殊基因(参与细胞迁移和组织侵袭)时,往往具有独特的破坏性,相关研究发现或可帮助更加精确地对不同白血病患者进行分类,并且开发出针对不同患者的



发表在Cancer Cell杂志上的一项研究报告中,来自瑞士巴塞尔弗雷德里希米歇尔研究所生物医学研究所和巴塞尔大学的研究人员通过研究揭示了为何相同遗传异常的急性白血病患者会因细胞起源而引发疾病恶化程度不同;研究者发现,癌症诱发的改变如果发生在早期造血干细胞表达特殊基因(参与细胞迁移和组织侵袭)时,往往具有独特的破坏性,相关研究发现或可帮助更加精确地对不同白血病患者进行分类,并且开发出针对不同患者的个体化新型疗法。

急性髓性白血病(AML)是一种因造血干细胞发生多种异常改变而引发的血液癌症,造血干细胞异常往往会促进未成熟的白细胞不断增殖;因此骨髓就不能够产生正常的血细胞了,AML往往可以通过化疗进行治疗,然而尽管在遗传异常相同的情况下,疾病的进展也会发生改变,然而研究者目前并不清楚具体的原因。

研究人员通过研究发现,特定形式AML的恶化主要依赖于一类发生遗传改变的前体细胞,而这些所谓的混合谱系白血病(MML混合白血病)不仅会影响每一个年轻患者,而且还会影响60岁以上接受化疗的患者。研究者对小鼠模型进行研究发现,一旦造血干细胞发生遗传改变就会导致疾病预后变得较差,而这种类型的AML则会发生高度恶化,并且和广泛的组织浸润及对化疗的耐受性直接相关。

研究者指出,这些造血干细胞可以表达特定基因促进细胞迁移和组织侵袭;在后期前体细胞中,这些基因就不会表达,当研究者降低早期造血干细胞中其中一个基因的表达时,疾病的进展就会变得温和得多;更重要的是,对小鼠进行的研究同样适用于人类,对来自恶性疾病患者机体的组织样本进行分析发现,相同的基因也发生了表达。研究者说道,患者的预后主要依赖于特殊的造血干细胞或前体细胞。

正如研究者解释的那样,这些基因同样也可以作为生物标志物,比如EVI1,ERG或ZEB1基因的表达或可帮助研究者根据预后将患者分为几个群体,从而便于后期对不同群体的病人进行治疗;当然本文研究也将帮助研究者开发新型个体化的疗法。

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    2016-10-09 维他命
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    2016-07-04 早茶月光

    已阅

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