Cancer Cell:了解肺癌,这个血液指标很关键!

2017-08-15 佚名 Medicalxpress

荷兰的研究人员设计了不同的液体活检方法。通过检测血液循环血小板(也称为血栓细胞)吸收的肿瘤RNA,他们的测试(称为thromboSeq)不是在血液中寻找癌症DNA或其他生物标志物的证据,而是可以以接近90%的准确度诊断非小细胞肺癌。非小细胞肺癌占肺癌的绝大多数。该研究在8月14日刊登在癌症细胞杂志上。

荷兰的研究人员设计了不同的液体活检方法。通过检测血液循环血小板(也称为血栓细胞)吸收的肿瘤RNA,他们的测试(称为thromboSeq)不是在血液中寻找癌症DNA或其他生物标志物的证据,而是可以以接近90%的准确度诊断非小细胞肺癌。非小细胞肺癌肺癌的绝大多数。该研究在8月14日刊登在癌症细胞杂志上。


首先,阿姆斯特丹医疗中心和阿姆斯特丹癌症中心VU大学神经外科系研究员Myron Best说:“最终,基于液体活检的癌症检测的目的是早期检测所有的癌症;一次性检测。 “ThromboSeq可能不仅可以提供肺癌诊断,还可能提供任何其他肿瘤类型,并可能使肿瘤分型。

已知血小板形成血液凝块以应对损伤的短寿命血细胞。然而,血小板也对一系列炎性事件和癌症有反应。由于血小板不具有自身的细胞核,血小板中发现的所有RNA都来自巨核细胞(在骨髓中形成血小板的细胞)或血液中血小板吸收的RNA。无癌症人群中的血小板将含有与肿瘤相互作用的血小板不同的RNA汇编,称为受肿瘤教育的血小板。

研究人员研究了700多人的血液样本,其中包括诊断为晚期非小细胞肺癌的患者,较早的早期癌症组和未知癌症的对照组。患有多发性硬化症,慢性胰腺炎和冠状动脉疾病等疾病的患者被包括在对照组中,以确保算法筛选癌症特异性RNA,而不是通常在炎症或疾病中遇到的RNA血小板。

运行时,血小板计数算法扫描血小板中发现的大约5,000种不同的RNA分子,连续优化其RNA基因组,到达少数表示癌性肿瘤的细胞。然后,研究人员对血液样本进行筛查测试,看看他们如何准确地诊断癌症。

分析的灵感来源于群体性质的行为。鸟类,昆虫和鱼类都是为了优化他们的数量而进行的,以防止捕食者寻找食物。 “鸟类不断调整他们在群众中的位置,从而增加了群众的覆盖面,从而提高了食物搜索过程的效率,”Best说。 “我们将这种自然现象应用于我们的算法,利用血小板中存在的复杂RNA谱。

血栓测试可以诊断早期癌症,准确率为81%,晚期癌症诊断准确率为88%。在符合年龄,吸烟状况和血液储存时间的验证对照组中,该算法的准确度高达91%。最好相信技术足够强大,可以开始进行临床试验。

“尽管受过肿瘤教育的血小板血液检测目前还没有提供完美的预测,但它可补充替代的液体活检生物来源,如无细胞DNA,胞外囊泡,循环蛋白和循环肿瘤细胞以及成像模式如CT扫描,“Best说。

最佳同事计划在疑似肺癌但尚未诊断的人群中进一步优化其算法,并进行更多样本和测试。他说:“我们还致力于进一步了解在癌症存在下负责血小板教育的生物学机制。”
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    2018-02-23 维他命
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    2017-08-15 有备才能无患

    最佳同事计划在疑似肺癌但尚未诊断的人群中进一步优化其算法,并进行更多样本和测试。他说:“我们还致力于进一步了解在癌症存在下负责血小板教育的生物学机制。”

    0

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    2017-08-15 明心见性

    学习了, 谢谢分享

    0

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越来越多的证据表明膳食习惯可影响肺癌风险。2017年7月,发表在《J Clin Oncol.》的一项研究调查了膳食脂肪摄入和肺癌风险的相关性。

JCO:你不可不知的秘密:饮食脂肪与肺癌风险相关!

《临床肿瘤学》杂志7月25日发表的一篇研究表明,总饱和脂肪摄入量高与增加的肺癌风险有关。 美国纳什维尔凡德比特大学医学中心的Jae Jeong Yang教授,及其同事研究了总的、特定类型的饮食脂肪与肺癌风险之间的关系,该团队利用Cox回归模型,对来自美国、欧洲和亚洲的10组前瞻性群组研究进行了汇总分析。 研究人员在经过平均9.4年的随访时间里,在1,445,850名参与者中确认了与肺癌相关的事

Front Pharmacol:在铂类治疗的转移性非小细胞肺癌患者中添加中药,能提高患者生活质量

背景:根据临床经验,将传统中药添加到铂类化疗(PBT)中能改善转移性非小细胞肺癌患者的生活质量,但该临床经验仍缺乏前瞻性验证。患者与方法:研究人员根据临床反应评价将中药加入以PBT疗法后的影响。为了安全起见,研究过程中每个小组至少招收了28名病人。在一项前瞻性随机对照试验,61例特定的IIIB-IV期肺癌患者(PBT+安慰剂组,n = 32;PBT+中药组,n = 29)确定为连续患者,这些患者符

Acta Neuropathol:研究确定肺癌脑转移的“罪魁祸首”

麦克马斯特大学的研究已经确定了肺癌患者脑转移的全新调节机制。负责这一调节机制的基因称为SPOCK1 TWIST2。