Crit Care Med:脓毒症患者第二剂抗菌药物延迟 后果很严重

2017-06-23 应颖秋 吴星 环球医学

2017年6月,发表在《Crit Care Med》的一项由美国科学家进行的研究从急诊入院的脓毒症患者第二剂抗菌药物延迟:发生率、危险因素及结局

2017年6月,发表在《Crit Care Med》的一项由美国科学家进行的研究从急诊入院的脓毒症患者第二剂抗菌药物延迟:发生率、危险因素及结局

目的:1)确定脓毒症入院患者中第二个抗菌药物使用延迟的频率和程度;2)确定这些延迟的风险因素;以及3)探索性:确定延迟与患者为中心的结局之间的相关性(死亡率和第二剂后次给药后机械通气)。

设计:为期10个月,回顾性、连续样本脓毒症队列。

地点:单一、三级、科研医疗中心。

患者:通过前瞻性质量建议,确定从急诊入院的脓毒症或脓毒性休克患者(定义:感染,≥2个全身炎症反应综合征标准、灌注不足/器官功能失调)。

排除:年龄小于18岁,未在急诊开始使用抗菌药物,抗菌药物再次给药前死亡,以及拒绝抗菌药物的患者。

干预:研究者确定了首剂至第二剂抗菌药物的时间和延迟频率。研究者认为首剂至第二剂时间≥推荐时间间隔的25%为延迟重大。影响因素为人口统计学、推荐间隔时间、合并症、临床表现、第二剂位置、初次复苏治疗和抗菌药物活性机制。

测量和主要结果:在828例脓毒症中,272例(33%)延迟≥25%。延迟频率使剂量增加,与更短的推荐时间间隔相关:24小时时间间隔,延迟11例(4%)(中位时间,18.52小时);12小时时间间隔,延迟31例(26%)(中位时间,10.58小时);8小时时间间隔,延迟117例(47%)(中位,9.06小时);6小时时间间隔,延迟113例(72%)(中位时间,9.55小时)。在多变量回归中,时间间隔长度显着预测重大延迟(12小时:比值比,6.98;CI,2.33~20.89;8小时:比值比,23.70;CI,8.13~69.11;6小时:比值比,71.95;CI,25.13~206.0)。其他独立风险因素为住院患者进入急诊(比值比,2.67;CI,1.74~4.09)、开始3小时的脓毒症束依从性急诊

(比值比,1.57;CI,1.07~2.30),以及老年(比值比,1.16/10年,CI,1.01~1.34)。在探索性多变量分析中,重大延迟与院内死亡率(比值比,1.61;CI,1.01~2.57)和机械通气(比值比,2.44;CI,1.27~4.69)增加相关。

结论:重大第二剂延迟很常见,尤其是对于被给予更短半衰期药物治疗的患者,以及进入急诊的患者。矛盾的是,延迟在接受依从初始治疗的患者中更频繁。研究者观察到,重大第二剂延迟与死亡率、住院时间和机械通气需要的增加相关。

原始出处:

Leisman D, Huang V, et al. Delayed Second Dose Antibiotics for Patients Admitted From the Emergency Department With Sepsis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes. Crit Care Med. 2017 Jun;45(6):956-965. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002377.

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1330581, encodeId=498e13305819f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c6b455688d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55688, encryptionId=c6b455688d1, topicName=抗菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Sun Jun 25 07:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373019, encodeId=34c013e3019e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Sun Jun 25 07:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1516350, encodeId=f473151635029, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a5598519866' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脓毒症患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85198, encryptionId=a5598519866, topicName=脓毒症患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dd7310955580, createdName=dlwang_26703130, createdTime=Sun Jun 25 07:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1607712, encodeId=8f1e160e71288, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Jun 25 07:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=214422, encodeId=93ca21442222, content=重大第二剂延迟很常见,尤其是对于被给予更短半衰期药物治疗的患者,以及进入急诊的患者。矛盾的是,延迟在接受依从初始治疗的患者中更频繁。研究者观察到,重大第二剂延迟与死亡率、住院时间和机械通气需要的增加相关。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Fri Jun 23 16:35:53 CST 2017, time=2017-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-25 lhlxtx
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    2017-06-23 有备才能无患

    重大第二剂延迟很常见,尤其是对于被给予更短半衰期药物治疗的患者,以及进入急诊的患者。矛盾的是,延迟在接受依从初始治疗的患者中更频繁。研究者观察到,重大第二剂延迟与死亡率、住院时间和机械通气需要的增加相关。

    0

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