Nat Med:清华学者揭示天然免疫调控新机制

2017-02-16 MedSci MedSci原创

在国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:31670904,81630058等)资助下,清华大学免疫学研究所林欣教授课题组首次揭示了天然免疫系统抗真菌免疫反应的负调控机制,研究成果以“JNK1Negatively Controls Antifungal Innate Immunity by Suppressing CD23 Expression”(JNK1分子通过抑制CD23基因表达负

在国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:31670904,81630058等)资助下,清华大学免疫学研究所林欣教授课题组首次揭示了天然免疫系统抗真菌免疫反应的负调控机制,研究成果以“JNK1Negatively Controls Antifungal Innate Immunity by Suppressing CD23 Expression”(JNK1分子通过抑制CD23基因表达负调控抗真菌天然免疫)为题在国际权威期刊Nature Medicine上在线发表。清华大学赵学强副研究员和林欣教授为共同通讯作者。

真菌最易感染免疫系统受损的患者。近年来,临床器官移植、肿瘤化疗及艾滋病患者增多,广谱抗生素、免疫抑制剂、抗肿瘤药物及化疗等临床治疗手段导致了日益增多的免疫受损病人,伴随而来的是日趋增高的真菌感染发病率和病死率。目前临床用于治疗真菌感染的药物有限,而且随着抗真菌药物的使用,真菌耐药性的产生越来越普遍,并且具有交叉耐药性,使得真菌感染的防治面临更为严峻的挑战。天然免疫系统(innate immunity),也称为“固有免疫”系统,是机体抵抗外来病原侵染的第一道防线。宿主抵抗真菌感染主要依赖于早期的天然免疫应答,即由巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和中性粒细胞等天然免疫细胞对真菌酵母细胞、孢子和菌丝的吞噬及清除,伴随有大量的细胞因子产生,这些细胞因子能够放大天然免疫细胞的作用,而且进一步诱导宿主的适应性免疫应答。

最新研究表明,以识别糖基为基础的C型凝集素受体(C-type lectin receptors,CLR)家族成员在介导机体应答真菌,特别是白色念珠菌感染的天然免疫过程中发挥重要作用,但是目前仅发现了Dectin-1、Dectin-2、Mincle等少数几个CLR;抗真菌免疫反应中的负性调控机制还几乎没有被发现。揭示和阐明机体抗真菌感染免疫应答的天然免疫分子机制,尤其是天然免疫负调控机制,将有可能为开发新型抗真菌药物提供理论基础和治疗靶点。

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JNK(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,c-Jun氨基末端激酶)是细胞信号转导通路中MAPK(mitogen-activated protein kinase,促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶)家族中的重要成员之一,分为JNK1、JNK2和JNK3三个亚型,JNK信号通路可由包括细胞因子、生长因子、应激等多种外界因素刺激,在细胞的增殖与分化、凋亡、应激反应等多种生命活动过程中发挥功能;应用基因敲除小鼠的多项研究都表明JNK1与JNK2在适应性免疫应答,如T细胞活化和辅助T细胞的分化过程中有重要作用。有趣的是,人们曾发现在脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides,LPS)刺激下果蝇的JNK通路也会被活化,而果蝇体内仅存在天然免疫系统;然而,哺乳动物天然免疫反应中,特别是抵抗外来微生物侵染过程中,JNK的作用还从未见报道。

林欣教授和赵学强博士课题组发现巨噬细胞在真菌感染时会激活JNK1,用临床常见的深部感染真菌——白色念珠菌(C.albicans),分别感染野生型和JNK1基因敲除小鼠,发现JNK1基因敲除小鼠的生存率比野生型小鼠显著提高,揭示JNK1基因在宿主抗真菌感染过程中有负反馈作用。进一步研究,他们发现,JNK的负反馈作用分子机制在于抑制了一个转录因子NFAT的表达,从而下调了细胞表达的C型凝集素受体CD23;而在JNK1敲除后,宿主巨噬细胞识别真菌感染后能迅速上调CD23,CD23识别真菌表面成分,诱导巨噬细胞而产生的一氧化氮(NO)分子能有效消灭机体感染的真菌。为了明确JNK在机体抗真菌天然免疫应答的负调控作用,他们给感染真菌后的野生型小鼠注射JNK抑制剂,发现JNK抑制剂能够显著提高深部感染真菌小鼠的生存率。

这项工作从分子、细胞和动物水平首次揭示了JNK1介导的抗真菌感染免疫负调控机制,为目前日益严重的真菌感染疾病提供了新的分子靶标和治疗策略。

原始出处:

Zhao X1, Guo Y1, Jiang C2, Chang Q1, Zhang S3, Luo T1, Zhang B1, Jia X3, Hung MC2, Dong C1, Lin X1,2. JNK1 negatively controls antifungal innate immunity by suppressing CD23 expression.Nat Med. 2017 Jan 23. doi: 10.1038/nm.4260. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2017-10-25 liye789132251
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    2017-02-27 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    需要为科学默默奉献的人

    0

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    2017-02-18 医生2397
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    2017-02-17 刘煜

    阅读了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-02-16 1e1263e3m20(暂无匿称)

    厉害,学习了

    0

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Molecular Cell:中山大学崔隽、黄军就发表天然免疫的调控机理新研究

近期,中山大学的两位80后教授崔隽(Jun Cui)、黄军就(Jun-Jiu Huang)联手美国康奈尔威尔医学院“微生物学和免疫学”教授、休斯顿卫理公会医院研究所炎症和表观遗传学中心主任王荣福(Rong-Fu Wang)教授,在国际学术期刊《Molecular Cell》在线发表了题为“TRIM14 Inhibits cGAS Degradation Mediated by Selective