Optometry Vision Sci:儿童使用软性隐形眼镜安全吗?

2017-06-03 MedSci MedSci原创

根据美国眼科视光学官方杂志Optometry and Vision Science在6月刊发表的一篇综述,现有证据表明,软性隐形眼镜可以安全地用于儿童和青少年,与成年人相比,并不会增加不良反应。与青少年相比,儿童使用软性隐形眼镜磨损的安全问题的风险甚至可能更低。

根据美国眼科视光学官方杂志Optometry and Vision Science在6月刊发表的一篇综述,现有证据表明,软性隐形眼镜可以安全地用于儿童和青少年,相比于成年人并不会增加不良反应。不仅如此,与青少年相比,儿童使用软性隐形眼镜磨损的安全问题的风险甚至可能更低。

在过去十年中,佩戴隐形眼镜的儿童越来越多。最近的研究表明,多焦点隐形眼镜可以用来预防或减缓儿童近视的发展。而且隐形眼镜还可以提高儿童和青少年的自尊心和生活质量。文章作者Bullimore博士对先前的关于儿童和青少年使用软性隐形眼镜的安全性的研究进行了全面的研究评估。研究关注点于可能的炎症/感染的迹象,即“角膜浸润事件”。虽然这种感染通常是轻度的,但仍有大约百分之五为细菌性角膜炎这种严重感染疾病。

作者选取了来自九项前瞻性研究的高质量数据,总共调查了1800例多年佩戴软性隐形眼镜的7-19岁的患者。对9项前瞻性研究的组合数据进行分析,发现角膜浸润事件发生率比较低:每年136例/10000人。其中一项大型回顾性研究表明,这些不良事件的发生率在年龄较小的儿童中较低:8至12岁儿童中每年97例/10000人,而13至17岁的青少年则为每年335例/10000人。

细菌性角膜炎并不常见,在这几项前瞻性研究中都没有报告相关病例。其中一项回顾性研究报告说,年龄较小的儿童中没有细菌性角膜炎的报告。在十几岁时,细菌性角膜炎的发病率为每年15例/10000人,与成年人发病率接近。老年患者并发症的风险较高,这似乎与行为风险因素有关,比如佩戴软性隐形眼镜过程进行淋浴和睡眠。

目前所有被批准可以用于日常佩戴和整夜佩戴的软性隐形眼镜均无年龄限制,表明儿童和成人均可安全使用。现有证据为儿童和青少年中软性隐形眼镜的安全提供了保证。总体来说,儿童角膜浸润事件的发生率不会高于成年人,而在最年轻的年龄段,可能会明显降低。作者表示,父母有效监督也许会有助于减轻安全风险。但是,这项研究仍然存在一定的局限性,本文作者Bullimore博士强调随着使用隐形眼镜进行近视矫正的趋势增加,更加需要完整和严格的研究来进一步确定其安全性。

原始出处:

Bullimore, Mark A. The Safety of Soft Contact Lenses in Children. Optometry and Vision Science: June 2017 - Volume 94 - Issue 6 - p 638–646

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