中国证据:新诊断T2DM短期强化治疗后长期缓解新指标——急性胰高血糖素反应

2017-01-05 赛诺菲医学部 菲糖新动

2016年11月10日The Journal of International Medical Research杂志在线发表一项中国研究,探讨了新诊断2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者接受短期胰岛素强化治疗(IIT)后,急性胰高血糖素反应(AGR)与T2DM长期缓解的相关性。短期IIT可为新诊断T2DM患者带来长期缓解,但目前关于长期缓解的具体机制尚不清楚。既往研究显示,IIT后胰岛素抵抗和一相胰岛素分泌

2016年11月10日The Journal of International Medical Research杂志在线发表一项中国研究,探讨了新诊断2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者接受短期胰岛素强化治疗(IIT)后,急性胰高血糖素反应(AGR)与T2DM长期缓解的相关性。

短期IIT可为新诊断T2DM患者带来长期缓解,但目前关于长期缓解的具体机制尚不清楚。既往研究显示,IIT后胰岛素抵抗和一相胰岛素分泌均有所改善,但二者均与长期缓解无关。考虑到糖尿病的病理生理机制包括双重激素——胰岛素与胰高血糖素异常,因此胰岛α细胞功能变化可能与T2DM长期缓解相关,故本研究对AGR与T2DM长期缓解的相关性进行评估,并对α细胞在新诊断T2DM患者长期缓解中的地位进行探讨。

研究纳入中日友好医院的10例糖尿病病程<12个月、空腹血糖(FPG)>11.1mmol/L的新诊断T2DM患者。患者接受为期2周的持续皮下胰岛素输注(CSII),并于治疗前后接受静脉糖耐量试验(IVGTT)和正常血糖高胰岛素钳夹试验。共随访1年,根据患者缓解情况分为缓解组和非缓解组。长期缓解定义为:1年期间不再使用任何降糖药物,且维持良好血糖控制(FPG<7mmol/L和餐后2h血糖[2hPG]<10mmol/L)。研究期间,50%患者获得T2DM缓解。

IIT治疗前后,缓解组和非缓解组的AIR和GIR均无显著差异

短期IIT后,患者急性胰岛素反应(AIR)和葡萄糖输注率(GIR)*较基线均显著增加,提示“葡萄糖毒性”是新诊断T2DM患者胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能下降的主要病理生理机制之一。但IIT治疗前后,缓解组和非缓解组的AIR和GIR均无显著差异。

*AIR:反应一相胰岛素分泌;GIR:反映胰岛素敏感性。

IIT治疗前后平均AIR、GIR变化

相比非缓解组,IIT治疗前后缓解组患者的AGR变化更显著

IIT治疗前,缓解组的AGR显著高于非缓解组(P<0.05);IIT治疗后,缓解组的AGR显著降低(P<0.01),非缓解组AGR无明显变化,缓解组AGR降幅大于非缓解组(P<0.05)。

IIT治疗前后缓解组与非缓解组患者平均AGR水平

IIT前的AGR、IIT后的AGR降幅与T2DM长期缓解正相关

斯皮尔曼相关性分析显示,T2DM病程、体重指数(BMI)、AIR、GIR和FPG水平与T2DM长期缓解无关,而IIT前的AGR、IIT后AGR降幅与T2DM长期缓解正相关(r=0.731,P=0.016)。该结果提示,反映α细胞功能的AGR可能是T2DM长期缓解的决定因素之一。

总之,新诊断T2DM患者IIT治疗2周后,AIR和GIR均显著改善。基线AGR更高的患者获得T2DM长期缓解的可能性更大。这一发现对于选择合适的新诊断T2DM患者来接受IIT以改善治疗结局来说尤为重要。但由于研究的样本量有限,因此本研究的结果仍待更大样本量的随机对照试验进一步验证。

作者见解

胰高血糖素通过糖原分解、糖异生、酮生成和脂解等途径,促使空腹和餐后血糖升高。胰高血糖素属于葡萄糖反调节激素,在健康个体发生低血糖期间分泌,而当血浆葡萄糖水平为4mmol/L~6mmol/L时,其分泌被抑制。但在T2DM患者中,由于α细胞周围分泌胰岛素的β细胞的缺失,胰高血糖素的分泌不但未被抑制,反而增强。此外,T2DM患者中,α细胞存在胰岛素抵抗,从而进一步减小了胰岛素对AGR的抑制作用。近期研究显示,短期IIT可改善β细胞功能,降低负荷后的高胰高血糖素血症,但无法使α细胞反应正常化。

原始出处:

Zhang B, Chen YY, Yang ZJ, et al. J Int Med Res 2016 Nov 10

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    2017-06-04 QFXL123456

    继续学习,谢谢

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    2017-05-22 rgjl
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    2017-01-07 hbwxf
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