Lancet Oncol:鼻咽癌:选择性上颈部放疗是否可替代全颈放疗?

2022-03-08 Nebula MedSci原创

在N0-N1期的鼻咽癌患者中,与标准WNI相比,选择性UNI可提供相近的局部控制率,还可减少放射毒性。

鼻咽癌是一种独特的头颈部肿瘤,具有特定的地域分布。2018年,全世界估计有13万鼻咽癌病例,其中70%发生在东南亚。由于鼻咽淋巴网络发达,鼻咽癌的淋巴结转移很常见。超过70%的鼻咽癌患者在确诊时已出现颈部淋巴结累及。

本研究目的是探讨与标准全颈照射 (WNI) 相比,保留未受累的下颈部的选择性同侧上颈照射 (UNI) 对鼻咽癌患者的区域无复发生存期的影响。

这是一项中国的3家医疗中心开展的开放标签、非劣效性、随机、对照的3期试验,招募了18-65岁的未治疗过的、无远处转移(M0)的N0-N1期鼻咽癌患者,1:1随机分成两组,接受选择性UNI或WNI,总剂量为54-70Gy不等,分30-33次。II-IVA期患者被建议接受以顺铂为基础的联合静脉化疗。主要终点是局部无复发生存率。

两组患者的局部无复发生存率(A)、总生存率(B)、无远处转移生存率(C)和无原位复发生存率(D)

2016年1月22日至2018年5月23日,共有446位患者被随机分至UNI组(n=224)或WNI组(n=222)。中位随访了53个月。UNI组和WNI组的3年局部无复发生存率相近(97.7% vs 96.3%;差 -1.4%,P[非劣效性]<0.0001)。

两组的放射相关毒性的发生情况

虽然两组的急性放射相关毒性作用相似,但UNI组的晚期毒性的发生率低于WNI组,包括任何级别的甲状腺功能减退(30% vs 39%)、皮肤毒性(14% vs 25%)、吞咽困难(17% vs 32%)和颈部组织损伤(23% vs 40%)。治疗期间无患者死亡。治疗后,WNI组有一位患者死于非癌症相关原因。

综上所述,在N0-N1期的鼻咽癌患者中,与标准WNI相比,选择性UNI可提供相近的局部控制率,还可减少放射毒性

 

原始出处:

Ling-Long Tang, et al. Elective upper-neck versus whole-neck irradiation of the uninvolved neck in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an open-label, non-inferiority, multicentre, randomised phase 3 trial. The Lancet Oncology. February 28, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00058-4

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    2022-06-13 minlingfeng
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    2022-08-18 howi
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