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PLOS MED：交通空气污染影响儿童认知发展

2015-04-01 赵洲译 MedSci原创

空气污染儿童认知
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空气污染被认为具有神经毒性。在动物实验中国，吸入汽车尾气和超细颗粒会导致大脑内细胞因子表达和氧化应激增加，以及改变动物的行为。如果妊娠期或者婴儿期暴露在交通相关的空气污染物中，当大脑新皮质迅速发育时，会导致认知延迟。 许多学校位于繁忙道路附近。当儿童在校时，交通空气污染达到顶峰。对于在校儿童暴露于交通空气污染中是否与损失性认知发展有关，科研人员进行了相关研究。科研人员对来自于巴塞罗那的39个学校

空气污染被认为具有神经毒性。在动物实验中国，吸入汽车尾气和超细颗粒会导致大脑内细胞因子表达和氧化应激增加，以及改变动物的行为。如果妊娠期或者婴儿期暴露在交通相关的空气污染物中，当大脑新皮质迅速发育时，会导致认知延迟。

许多学校位于繁忙道路附近。当儿童在校时，交通空气污染达到顶峰。对于在校儿童暴露于交通空气污染中是否与损失性认知发展有关，科研人员进行了相关研究。科研人员对来自于巴塞罗那的39个学校的2715名学生（年龄在7到10岁）进行了前瞻性的研究。长期交通空气污染（包括有机碳、二氧化氮和超细微粒等）在操场和教室测量两次。认知发展通过工作记忆和注意力的长期改变进行评估。之所以选择这两个参数是因为二者在儿童发育期间是稳定地增长。2715名儿童共进行了10112次测试。因为这些数据的多层特性，研究人员使用了线性混合效应模型。试验中的儿童评价年龄为8.5岁，男女各半。平均来讲，工作记忆增长了19.0%，注意力迟钝下降了19.2%。这些变化在男女之间基本一致。对于不同学校周围不同的交通空气污染程度，儿童的学校交通空气污染越是严重，其认知发展增长的幅度越小。

试验结果表明，交通空气污染的确会影响儿童的认知发展。这值得负责交通污染的治理的有关部门对此进行深思。保障下一代的健康发展，各种环保措施亟待实施！

原始出处：

Sunyer J, Esnaola M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M,Forns J, Rivas I, López-Vicente M, et al. (2015) Association between Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Schools and Cognitive Development in Primary School Children: A Prospective Cohort Study. PLoS Med 12(3): e1001792.doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001792

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    2015-04-03 MedSci客户端网友

    北京的咋整

    0

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    2015-04-03 小刀医生

    #污染#

    0

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    2015-04-03 yuandd

    #交通#

    0

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    2015-04-03 ms3994565386320060

    #Med#

    0

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    2015-04-01 MedSci客户端网友

    解读不是很详细！

    0

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