交替式压力(AP)覆盖凝胶垫预防手术时间延长患者压疮形成的效果

2021-10-26 小文子 MedSci原创

AP覆盖凝胶垫组在放气周期中IP较低,表明其在预防长时间手术患者压疮形成的潜在有效性。

压力性损伤,也称为压疮,是皮肤和/或底层组织的局部损伤,通常由于长期暴露在压力下或压力与剪切力或摩擦相结合在骨突起上形成。压力性损伤的关键决定因素是负荷的强度和周期以及组织耐受性,是患者住院时间延长、住院费用增加和再入院率增加的原因。手术时间长是已知的压疮形成的危险因素,在这种情况下,通过复位无法实现压力缓解。

Journal of Tissue Viability杂志的一项研究比较了手术延长期间,交替式压力(AP)覆盖凝胶垫相对于凝胶垫在降低界面压力(IP)的有效性。相应的,界面压力的减少降低了压力性损伤的发生风险。

研究人员招募三级医院的180名受试者,随机分为交替式压力覆盖凝胶垫组(试验组,n=90)和凝胶垫组(对照组,n=90)。患者仰卧在AP覆盖凝胶垫或凝胶垫上,每隔30分钟收集骶骨和坐骨结节区域内的IP数据,确定骶骨/坐骨结节区域IP值最高节点,并选择代表该节点的两个传感器。从0分钟到最长570分钟。

结果显示患者的IP随时间增加。对于AP覆盖凝胶垫组,放气期间骶骨上的平均IP从0 min时的28.7 mmHg升高至360 min时的43.5 mmHg(相对基线升高51.6%)和570 min时的68.8 mmHg(相对基线升高140%)。凝胶垫组的平均连续IP从0 min时的79.7 mmHg升高至360 min时的96.4 mmHg(相对基线升高21%)和570 min时的118.1 mmHg(相对基线升高48.2%)。与凝胶垫组相比,尽管AP覆盖凝胶垫组的IP相对基线增加百分比更高,但在570 min的测量期间,试验组放气循环期间骶骨处的平均IP显著低于对照组的平均连续IP(所有时间点,p < 0.001)。两组的温度变化与手术持续时间以及IP水平之间无相关性。

结果表明,AP覆盖凝胶垫组在放气周期中IP较低,表明其在预防长时间手术患者压疮形成的潜在有效性。预防和减少压疮将对改善患者的生活质量和住院费用产生重大影响。研究结果可能有助于制定围手术期压疮预防的策略。

原文出处:

Tze Guan Neo, Seok Hwee Koo, et al, A randomized controlled trial to compare the interface pressures of alternating pressure overlay with gel pad versus gel pad alone during prolonged surgery, Journal of Tissue Viability,2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtv.2021.02.003.

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    2021-10-28 lishizhe
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    2021-10-27 ms3000001962617292

    实用性,可行

    0

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    2021-10-26 2289576799

    好文章,观注

    0

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