Clin Nutrition:慢性肾脏病患者肌肉减少症与临床结局之间的关联

2022-05-10 xuyihan MedSci原创

少肌症是一种中、老年人肌肉质量和功能的丧失,出现与年龄相关的肌肉质量、力量和功能的丧失被称为少肌症。

肌肉减少症以前被称为骨骼肌质量在衰老过程中下降,考虑到肌肉力量和质量之间的关系不是线性的,并且力量的下降比质量损失的速度更快,因此仅根据低肌肉质量来诊断肌肉减少症可能会忽略肌肉力量低的个体。肌肉减少症及其相关特征(即肌肉力量低、肌肉质量低和身体机能低)与老年人和临床人群(如癌症患者)的广泛不良临床结果密切相关,包括死亡率和住院。已知慢性肾脏病(CKD) 与全身分解代谢状态有关,因此 CKD 患者肌肉减少症的风险很高,尤其是那些依赖透析的患者。CKD 患者中肌肉减少症的患病率范围为 4% 至 49%。此外,肌肉减少症及其特征与该人群的死亡率、住院、炎症、血管事件生活质量差有关。迄今为止,尚未进行过系统评价来阐明肌肉减少症与 CKD 患者临床结果之间的关联。因此,本项研究旨在调查肌少症及其特征与 CKD 患者死亡率、住院之间的关系。

 

研究人员检索了五个电子数据库,包括 MEDLINE 和Embase的数据,将CKD 患者的观察性队列研究全部收集起来。肌肉减少症特征的评估是低肌肉力量、低肌肉质量和低身体表现,以及诊断出的肌肉减少症(结合低肌肉质量和低强度/表现)。使用随机效应荟萃分析汇总了风险比 (HR)、风险比 (RR)、优势比 (OR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)的差异。

 

在总共4922项筛选研究中,50项(72347名患者)被纳入评价,38项(59070名患者)被纳入荟萃分析。大多数纳入的研究是在透析患者中(n= 36, 72%)。汇总分析显示肌肉力量低(15 项研究;HR:1.99;95%CI:1.65-2.41;I2:45%),低肌肉质量(20 项研究;HR:1.51;95%CI:1.36-1.68;I 2:26%)和低体能(5项研究;HR:2.09;95%CI:1.68-2.59;I 2:0%)与 CKD 患者死亡风险增加相关。确诊的肌肉减少症也与透析患者的死亡风险相关(8 项研究;HR:1.87;95%CI:1.35-2.59;I 2:40%)。

 

本项研究证实低肌肉力量、低肌肉质量和低体能与 CKD 患者较高的死亡率相关。在透析患者中​,确诊的肌肉减少症也代表较高的死亡风险。

 

 

原始出处:

Heitor S.Ribeiro. Et al. Association between sarcopenia and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Nutrition.2022.

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年轻人比老年人更活跃,年轻人的活动水平越高,跌倒的频率就越高