哈佛大学：「肥宅快乐水」可使肝癌风险上升78%！每天一罐，肝脏完蛋！

2022-07-06 四五七 MedSci原创

Current Developments in Nutrition：每天喝一罐以上的含糖饮料（355ml，听装可乐330ml）的女性，相比每月喝不超过3罐含糖饮料的女性，肝癌风险上升78%！

糖分摄入与肝癌风险上升相关！

欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查项目（EPIC）中的一项研究表明：每多摄入50克糖/天，肝癌风险上升43%（HR=1.43，95%CI 1.17-1.74）。

作为日常糖分的摄入来源之一，平均每升软饮料中含有55-130克的糖分，过多摄入含糖饮料是否同样会引起肝癌风险上升？答案这不就来了。

近期，来自南卡罗来纳大学、哈佛大学等研究机构的科学家在2022年美国营养学会年会上分享了他们最新的研究成果，证明每天喝一罐以上的含糖饮料（355ml，听装可乐330ml）的女性，相比每月喝不超过3罐含糖饮料的女性，肝癌风险上升78%！看来，用“甜蜜的负担”形容含糖饮料还是太过温和了，喝饮料不仅会发胖，还会使癌症风险上升，应该称之为“甜蜜的杀手”。该研究发表于Current Developments in Nutrition。

研究数据来自于美国妇女健康倡议项目（the Women’s Health Initiative，WHI），它是美国有史以来最大的女性健康项目之一，在40个临床中心招募了超过16万名女性，进行临床试验、社区预防研究以及观察性研究，致力于为女性健康做出科学贡献。

观察对象为90,504名年龄在50-79岁的女性，平均随访年限为18.7年，通过问卷调查的形式，了解她们的疾病史及健康习惯，其中就包括含糖饮料的摄入情况。

其中，7.3%的参与者每天摄入“一份”即355ml以上的含糖饮料（可以简单类比为一罐饮料），这里的“含糖饮料”包括软饮料和水果饮料。

在随访期间，一共有205名女性确诊为肝癌，和很少摄入饮料的女性（＜3份/月）相比，每天摄入1份以上含糖饮料的女性，肝癌发生风险增加了78%（HR=1.78, 95%CI = 1.09-2.95, P= 0.007）。

即使在调整了咖啡/茶摄入情况、肝脏疾病史，或是剔除那些在随访头两年确诊肝癌、患有糖尿病的参与者的情况下，含糖饮料的摄入依旧与肝癌风险升高相关。

要说含糖饮料为什么会使肝癌风险上升，一方面原因可能在于含糖饮料摄入过多，易引起肥胖、II型糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝，而这些都是肝癌发生的风险因素。

另一方面则可能是含糖饮料摄入过多引起胰岛素抵抗伴随着血液里胰岛素含量升高，胰岛素具有促有丝分裂的作用，增加了细胞发生癌变的可能性。

既然含糖饮料不行，选择添加人工甜味剂的无糖饮料难道就健康吗？非也。

在2021年发表的一项荟萃分析研究中表明，过量饮用含有人工甜味剂的碳酸饮料与肝癌风险增加28%相关。

由此看来，不喝饮料，才是对身体健康最好的选择。（但是喝奶茶有益于精神健康啊！）

参考资料：

1.Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Liver Cancer Risk in the Women’s Health Initiative https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac052.026

2.Stepien M, Duarte-Salles T, Fedirko V, et al. Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort. Eur J Nutr. 2016;55(1):7-20. doi:10.1007/s00394-014-0818-5

3.Jatho A, Cambia JM, Myung SK. Consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Public Health Nutr. 2021;24(18):6122-6136. doi:10.1017/S136898002100104X

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2022-08-02 sjq027

#癌风险#

57 0
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2022-07-07 amyloid

#哈佛#

44 0
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2022-07-06 zwddoctor

糖分摄入与肝癌风险上升相关！

53 0
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2022-07-06 ms7000001254416592

少喝含糖饮料

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