针对成人海马神经发生:中医药治疗抑郁症的潜力

2022-04-15 August MedSci原创

抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍,其特征是持续的悲伤和对以前有益或愉快的活动缺乏兴趣或快乐。抑郁症的原因是复杂的。对抑郁症病理生理学的理解已经取得了长足的进步,大量研究表明海马神经发生起着关键作用。

随着社会的发展和生活方式的改变,精神疾病尤其是抑郁症的发病率逐年上升。抑郁症是以明显的、长期的存在困扰为特征。轻度抑郁症患者会出现身体功能障碍,如进食、睡眠障碍、头痛和虚弱,而重度抑郁症患者可能有自杀念头和行为。到 2030 年,抑郁症预计将成为全球最大的负担。

抑郁症是一种慢性病,半数患者会复发,是自杀的主要原因。大量研究表明海马神经发生起着关键作用。然而,目前还没有专门针对海马神经发生的药物,也尚未对这些领域的中医药(TCM)目标和机制进行总结。在此,讨论了成人海马神经发生(AHN)在抑郁症中的重要作用,阐明了中医药通过调节神经发生发挥抗抑郁作用的靶点和机制,为中医药治疗抑郁症提供了新的视角。

人类AHN的过程和重度抑郁症 (MDD) 中的免疫组织化学分析

方法:根据 PRISMA 标准,对截至 2022 年 1 月的 8 个电子数据库(Web of Science、PubMed、SciFinder、Research Gate、ScienceDirect、Google Scholar、Scopus 和中国知识基础设施)的临床试验和研究进行了系统评价,使用搜索术语“中医”“AND”“抑郁症”“OR”“海马神经发生”“OR”“多成分”“OR”“多靶点”。

CCMs、CMMs 和 MBCs 对抑郁症神经递质和受体的影响:

结果:大量研究表明,海马神经发生在抑郁症中减弱,并且抗抑郁药通过增强海马神经发生起作用。此外,复方中药(CCM)、中药材(CMM)和主要生物活性成分(MBCs)可通过调节神经递质和受体、神经营养因子、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴、炎症因子、自噬和肠道菌群。

CMMs、CMMs 和 MBCs 对抑郁症AHN的作用机制:

综上所述,抑郁症(也称为郁症)被认为是由气滞和情绪不安引起的。久之郁证易引起肝、肾、心、脾等脏腑虚损的临床症状。郁证初起,常表现为气滞,继而转为火滞、血瘀、食滞。肠道菌群可以减少促炎细胞因子的释放,减少炎症反应,恢复海马神经发生。自噬可以通过改善海马神经干细胞的微环境来促进海马神经发生和新生神经元的存活

值得注意的是,不同的 CCM 包含一些相同的 CMM,而这些 CMM 也包含多个 MBC。一些 MBC 已被证明通过这些机制促进海马神经发生。这一现象合理地解释了中医多靶点方法的优势。该文全面总结了中医药对抑郁症海马神经发生的作用和机制,为中医药在抗抑郁领域的应用提供了独特的视角。中医药具有靶点多、疗效高的特点和优势,在抑郁症治疗领域显示出巨大潜力。

 

原文:Feng L, Xing H, Zhang K. The therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in depression: Targeting adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Phytomedicine. 2022 Feb 4;98:153980. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153980. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35152089.

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    2022-04-30 ms1000001306995323

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    2022-04-16 cathymary

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