JAMA Cardiol:美国医疗补助扩展与心血管死亡率的关系

2019-07-14 shirl Q 医学论坛网心血管

美国根据“患者保护和平价医疗法案”而来的医疗补助扩展政策,为非老年成年美国人的健康保险覆盖带来了最大的收益之一。然而,其与心血管死亡率的关系尚不清楚。JAMA心脏病学六月刊刊登了一篇研究报告。该研究的目的在于探讨美国中年人中,医疗补助扩展与心血管死亡率的关系。

导语

美国根据“患者保护和平价医疗法案”而来的医疗补助扩展政策,为非老年成年美国人的健康保险覆盖带来了最大的收益之一。然而,其与心血管死亡率的关系尚不清楚。JAMA心脏病学六月刊刊登了一篇研究报告。该研究的目的在于探讨美国中年人中,医疗补助扩展与心血管死亡率的关系。

研究设计

本研究使用纵向观察设计,使用在差异中对比差异的方法与来自48个州(不包括马萨诸塞州和威斯康星州)和华盛顿特区的县(2010年至2016年)的县级数据进行比较。成人年龄在45至64岁之间。数据分析于2018年11月至2019年1月。

暴露方式

在医疗补助扩展状态中居住。

主要结果与措施

年度,年龄校正的心血管疾病死亡率从医疗补助扩展前到扩展后的差异。

结果

截至2016年,29个州和华盛顿特区已经扩大了医疗补助资格,而19个州没有。与没有施行医疗补助扩张州的县相比,扩张了医疗补助州的县在所有收入水平上的未保险居民比例下降幅度更大(平均[SD],7.3%[3.2%]与5.6%[2.7%]; P <.001并且在2010年至2016年期间,低收入阶层(19.8%[5.5%]对比13.5%[3.9%]; P <.001)。扩张后的县在扩张后的心血管死亡率变化较小(146.5 [95%] CI,132.4-160.7]至146.4 [95%CI,131.9-161.0]死亡人数每10万居民每年)比未扩张州的县(176.3 [95%CI,154.2-198.5]至180.9 [95%CI,158.0] -203.8]每年每10万居民死亡)。在考虑到人口统计学,临床和经济差异之后,扩张州的县在医疗补助扩展后每年因心血管原因每10万人/年死亡的人数比他们按照与县相同的趋势在没有扩展医疗补助状态减少了4.3(95%CI,1.8-6.9)。

结论

在扩大医疗补助的州中,与未扩大医疗补助的州相比,扩展后中年人的心血管死亡率显着降低。这些研究结果表明,最近的医疗补助扩展政策与中年人心血管死亡率降低有关,可能需要考虑医疗补助的进一步扩展。

原始出处:Sameed Ahmed M. Khatana, Anjali Bhatla, Ashwin S. Nathan, et al. Association of Medicaid Expansion With Cardiovascular Mortality. JAMA Cardiol. June 5, 2019. 

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    2019-07-16 thm112988

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