The Lancet:动静脉内瘘成形术,选择何种麻醉方式通畅度更高?

2016-08-02 MedSci MedSci原创

背景形成动静脉内瘘是终末期肾功能衰竭患者的有效治疗手段。但是内瘘的早期失败率很高。区域麻醉与局部麻醉会导致患者短期内血管舒张和血流量增多。本研究的目的是探究区域与局部麻醉相比是否可提高动静脉瘘中期的通畅度。 方法 该研究为盲测随机对照试验,在英国格拉斯哥三家大学附属医院进行。研究人员使用电脑分配系统将接受桡动脉-头静脉瘘术或头臂动脉动静脉瘘术的参与者随机分为两组,分别接受局部麻醉(0.5%左旋布比

背景
形成动静脉内瘘是终末期肾功能衰竭患者的有效治疗手段。但是内瘘的早期失败率很高。区域麻醉与局部麻醉会导致患者短期内血管舒张和血流量增多。本研究的目的是探究区域与局部麻醉相比是否可提高动静脉瘘中期的通畅度。 


方法
该研究为盲测随机对照试验,在英国格拉斯哥三家大学附属医院进行。研究人员使用电脑分配系统将接受桡动脉-头静脉瘘术的参与者随机分为两组,分别接受局部麻醉(0.5%左旋布比卡因和5%利多卡因皮下注射)或区域麻醉(采用臂丛神经麻醉,麻醉剂为0.5%左旋布比卡因和1.5%利多卡因肾上腺素)。如果患者的血管条件不佳、凝血功能障碍、或同侧肢体有内瘘则不参与实验。研究人员关注的主要内容是患者3个月内的内瘘通畅程度。

结果
2013年2月6日-2015年12月4日,研究人员对163名患者进行了筛查,其中126名患者符合条件并被随机分配到局部麻醉组(n=63)或区域麻醉组(n=63)。研究人员对所有患者的随访均在意向性治疗基础上完成。结果表明,区域麻醉组患者(53/63,所占比例为84%)的内瘘通畅程度较局部麻醉组较好(39/63,所占比例为62%),优势比为3.3,95%CI:1.4-7.6,p=0.005。此外选择腕部皮下建立(RCF)方面,区域麻醉组患者成功人数(20/26,所占比例为77%)较局部麻醉组患者人数(12/25,所占比例为48%)较多(OR:3.6,95CI:1.4-3.6,p=0.03)。其中不良事件发生率无明显区别。
 
结论
与局部麻醉相比,选择区域麻醉进行动静脉内瘘成形术更能显著提高3个月内内瘘成熟度和通畅度。

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    2017-04-05 howi
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    2017-02-23 fusion
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    2016-09-06 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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