Nature技术人物:不想玩软件的插画家不是好生物学家

2015-05-02 佚名 生物通

Graham Johnson希望能利用他研发的工具,帮助研究人员观察细胞内部活动,让他们走的比Jacques Cousteau潜入深海中的深度还要远。“让我们深入到相互作用的分子之间,去寻找,探索,观察,实验和学习,”来自加州大学旧金山分校的Johnson说。 目前在结构生物学研究中存在一个主要问题,那就是科学家们虽然已经开发出了一些技术,可以用来分析相对较大的结构(例如细胞)和较小的结


Graham Johnson希望能利用他研发的工具,帮助研究人员观察细胞内部活动,让他们走的比Jacques Cousteau潜入深海中的深度还要远。“让我们深入到相互作用的分子之间,去寻找,探索,观察,实验和学习,”来自加州大学旧金山分校的Johnson说。

目前在结构生物学研究中存在一个主要问题,那就是科学家们虽然已经开发出了一些技术,可以用来分析相对较大的结构(例如细胞)和较小的结构(例如蛋白质),但它一直难以完成“中等尺度”的可视化观察。

Johnson等人开发了一些开放性软件工具:autoPACK和cellPACK等来解决这一问题,譬如利用cellPACK,研究人员可以迅速有效地处理他们所收集的较小结构的数据,并在这种中等尺度范围内建模。而在以前,他们必须手工创建这些模型,因此需要数周或数月的时间,而使用cellPACK则只需要几小时。

最新版本的软件可以完成结构大小在10-1000纳米范围内的建模组装,而这正是了解关键细胞活性的主要结构大小,这些分子的相互作用,如蛋白磷酸化(范围底线),以及细胞器组装(范围高线)都可以通过这些软件构建结构,统一数据,Johnson说。

“我们希望更多的生物学家和程序员们能参与到这一项目中来”,这一软件也有助于收集数据和调和相互竞争的理论假说。“通过直接观察到这些模型,研究人员可以更直观的探讨各种假说理论,而不是仅仅通过想象来做出评论。”

cellPACK是Johnson迄今为止参与的最大的一个项目,他在过去十年中一直在思考这一软件,最终在利用3D打印研究血浆和HIV病毒粒子的一个模型结构中灵光乍现,研发出了这一工具。

“Graham 进行科学研究之前是一名艺术家,而这被他运用到了研究中,”文章作者之一,斯克里普斯研究所的Art Olson说,“他的创造力,以及艺术美感令我折服。”

Johnson早年毕业于约翰霍普金斯大学,主修医学插画,在那里他完成尸体解剖图,以及各种医学生物插图,他说,尸体解剖令人震惊,但是尸检过程中也会让我们看到“各种令人惊叹的,又复杂美丽的身体结构。”

于是他开始利用这些年他所学到的知识进行观察和描绘,并在之后的Salk研究院,完成《细胞生物学》教科书的插画绘制,“从中我发现细胞分子生物学十分吸引我,每天都有新的内容被发现,”Johnson 说,“其中还有许多元件未被描述,或者说详细的解释。”

为了解答这些难题,他搬到了科罗拉多州,之后又回到校园获得了生物物理学博士学位,再然后他就进入了 QB3项目成员。



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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880629, encodeId=27e21880629c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Jul 12 09:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1617767, encodeId=10b3161e767c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e88f6930185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生物学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69301, encryptionId=e88f6930185, topicName=生物学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e44019811593, createdName=12498c32m74暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon May 04 03:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22501, encodeId=c4b52250116, content=NB, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=121e1622385, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Sun May 03 09:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22422, encodeId=a6df2242212, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sat May 02 12:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-07-12 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880629, encodeId=27e21880629c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Jul 12 09:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1617767, encodeId=10b3161e767c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e88f6930185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生物学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69301, encryptionId=e88f6930185, topicName=生物学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e44019811593, createdName=12498c32m74暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon May 04 03:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22501, encodeId=c4b52250116, content=NB, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=121e1622385, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Sun May 03 09:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22422, encodeId=a6df2242212, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sat May 02 12:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880629, encodeId=27e21880629c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Jul 12 09:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1617767, encodeId=10b3161e767c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e88f6930185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生物学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69301, encryptionId=e88f6930185, topicName=生物学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e44019811593, createdName=12498c32m74暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon May 04 03:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22501, encodeId=c4b52250116, content=NB, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=121e1622385, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Sun May 03 09:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22422, encodeId=a6df2242212, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sat May 02 12:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-03 chenhui888

    NB

    0

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    2015-05-02 medcardio

    有意思

    0