Nat Commun:细菌基因或有望治疗人类疾病

2016-10-23 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:www.phys.org 近日,刊登在国际杂志Nature Communications上的一项研究报告中,来自杜克大学的生物医学家在细菌中分离出了一种负责离子通道的基因,这种基因能够产生并且增强人类细胞中的电信号,从而使得细胞更具电兴奋性;该技术或许能够用于治疗心律不齐的患者或恢复患者心脏和神经系统组织细胞的电活性,同时该技术还能够被用于治疗多种类型的遗传性疾病,比如人类钙离子和

图片来源:www.phys.org

近日,刊登在国际杂志Nature Communications上的一项研究报告中,来自杜克大学的生物医学家在细菌中分离出了一种负责离子通道的基因,这种基因能够产生并且增强人类细胞中的电信号,从而使得细胞更具电兴奋性;该技术或许能够用于治疗心律不齐的患者或恢复患者心脏和神经系统组织细胞的电活性,同时该技术还能够被用于治疗多种类型的遗传性疾病,比如人类钙离子和钠离子通道导电性较差相关的疾病等。

在哺乳动物细胞中,控制钠离子通道的基因往往负责细胞的电活性,但其很容易通过病毒稳定地传递到细胞中,这就是在当代基因疗法技术中的常见步骤。文章中,研究者在实验室条件下将来自细菌中负责小型离子通道的基因运输到原始的人类细胞中,随着通道的替换,不能够产生电信号的细胞就会慢慢开始具有电活性,而且正常产生信号的细胞的功能会变得不断强大。

研究者Nenad Bursac教授说道,在当前的医疗实践中,我们并不能通过别的方法来增强心脏或大脑细胞中的电兴奋性,而且也没有什么有效的药物能达到这种目的,而文章中我们所开发的新技术就能够利用细菌的离子通道基因实现上述目的。细菌中编码钠离子通道的基因同人类中的并不相同,在一项实验中,研究者在多个平行线上对细胞进行培养,依次交替的是具有电活性和无电活性的细胞,当在某一个点对细胞进行刺激时,电信号就会沿着细胞培养平行线缓慢传递。

随后研究者将三种基因运输到电活性失活的细胞中,其中一种是钠离子通道基因,另外两种是分别编码钾离子通道和连接蛋白43的基因,连接蛋白43能够帮助在细胞间进行电信号穿梭;当将这些基因运输到来自皮肤、心脏和大脑的非兴奋细胞中时,这三个基因就能够促进细胞开始变得具有电活性,从而就能够加速整个细胞培养线路的电信号的传输。

研究者Nguyen表示,编码细菌钠离子通道的基因从自身而言能够增强本身具有电活性的细胞的兴奋性;在第二项实验中,研究者将钠离子通道基因运输到了心肌细胞中,开始模拟多种疾病或应激情况下的表现,比如心脏病发作。在这些病理性的情况下,这些细胞就会变得沉默,但当加入细菌离子通道基因后,我们就能够实现在多种情况下电信号的传导。

最后研究者指出,目前有大量携带钠离子通道的细菌菌种,其在电活性特性上表现并不相同,这些通道似乎都能够被修饰来传递钙离子,研究者认为这项研究非常有意义,因为他们能够从细菌中“借”来基因帮助治疗经历心脏病或者脑部疾病患者的治疗。

原始出处

Hung X. Nguyen, Robert D. Kirkton & Nenad Bursac.Engineering prokaryotic channels for control of mammalian tissue excitability.Nat Commun.2016

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    2017-09-18 liye789132251
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    2017-09-07 liuli5079
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    2016-10-24 lyh994

    细菌等其他生物,是否本来就是人类基因库的后备储藏库,只是人类还没那么发达,还没开化出这种能力?

    0

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