JCEM:妊娠期糖尿病是母体将来发生肾脏疾病的显著风险因素

2015-04-29 沐晴 译 MedSci原创

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM),一种为妊娠前已确诊患糖尿病,称“糖尿病合并妊娠”;另一种为妊娠前糖代谢正常或有潜在糖耐量减退、妊娠期才出现或确诊的糖尿病,又称为“妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)”。研究证明,妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、血管内皮细胞功能紊乱的独立风险因素,但是,关于妊娠期糖尿病与将来母体发生肾脏疾病相关性的研究很少。近来

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM),一种为妊娠前已确诊患糖尿病,称“糖尿病合并妊娠”;另一种为妊娠前糖代谢正常或有潜在糖耐量减退、妊娠期才出现或确诊的糖尿病,又称为“妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)”。研究证明,妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、血管内皮细胞功能紊乱的独立风险因素,但是,关于妊娠期糖尿病与将来母体发生肾脏疾病相关性的研究很少。近来,来自意大利的研究者发现,GDM确实是将来母体发生慢性肾脏病的一个风险因素。  


研究者进行了一项基于人口的非干预性的随机调查研究,入组者选自1988年1月至2013年12月,所有进行单胎分娩的女性。在合并或未合并GDM的女性中,统计肾脏病的发病率。平均随访年限为11.2年。主要的观察结局是入组者最终诊断为肾功能不全。




结果显示,在符合标准的97968名妇女中,有9542 (9.7%)人至少有一次妊娠期糖尿病病史。使用Kaplan-Meier存活曲线评估发现,合并GDM的妇女,与未合并GDM的妇女相比,前者肾脏疾病发病率更高(0.1% vs 0.2%,95%CI 1.4-3.7; P < .001)。此外,使用卡方检验,研究者发现孕期发生GDM的次数与将来发生肾脏疾病的风险存在显著的“剂量效应”。在Cox比例风险模型中,调整混杂因素,GDM与将来发生肾脏疾病独立相关。

因此,GDM是母体将来发生肾脏疾病的独立风险因素。在反复发生GDM的女性中,这种相关性更强。

原始出处:

Beharier O, Shoham-Vardi I, Pariente G,et al.Gestational diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for long-term maternal renal disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Apr;100(4):1412-6. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-4474. Epub 2015 Feb 10

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    2016-01-22 smallant2015
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    2015-12-13 achengzhao
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    2015-07-29 sundong

    最好怀孕前调节好身体

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Aung YY等人纳入了库克群岛从2009年1月至2012年12月行产前检查且符合纳入标准的孕妇。在24-28周孕,行75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(妊娠期糖尿病诊断标准:空腹血糖大于或等于5.2mol/ L或餐后两个小时血糖大于或等于8.0mmol/ L;筛查是阳性,但是不符合妊娠期糖尿病的诊断则判定为妊娠期糖耐量受损)之后,行非空腹50克葡萄糖试验挑战(妊娠期糖尿病诊断标准:餐后一小时血糖大于或等