Nature Communications:解析哮喘易感基因

2013-09-26 佚名 生物通

来自明尼苏达大学兽医学院(CVM)的一项新研究,揭示出了ORMDL3基因在哮喘病中所起的作用。这一近期发现与哮喘易感性相关的基因,现被证实在一种气道过敏反应中影响了机体招募炎症细胞的能力。这些研究发现发表在9月23日的《自然通讯》(Nature Communications)杂志上。 明尼苏达大学兽医学院兽医和生物医学科学系教授、明尼苏达大学医学院肺、过敏、重症监护和睡眠医学部教授Srirama

来自明尼苏达大学兽医学院(CVM)的一项新研究,揭示出了ORMDL3基因在哮喘病中所起的作用。这一近期发现与哮喘易感性相关的基因,现被证实在一种气道过敏反应中影响了机体招募炎症细胞的能力。这些研究发现发表在9月23日的《自然通讯》(Nature Communications)杂志上。

明尼苏达大学兽医学院兽医和生物医学科学系教授、明尼苏达大学医学院肺、过敏、重症监护和睡眠医学部教授Srirama Rao(P. Sriramarao)博士领导研究人员,在一个小鼠模型中确定了ORMDL3调控炎症细胞招募至气道,由此导致气道炎症的机制。

研究主要作者、明尼苏达大学兽医学院博士后工作人员Sung Gil Ha,和同事们确定了在过敏性哮喘过程中在例如嗜酸性粒细胞等特异的白血细胞内受到ORMDL3基因调控的因子。嗜酸性粒细胞是一种帮助机体对抗寄生虫的白血细胞;但在接触变应原等某些类型炎症情况下,它们不但不提供保护,还会引起组织损伤导致哮喘或其他的过敏性疾病。

对于ORMDL3在哮喘中的功能所知不多。该研究小组通过在嗜酸性粒细胞中沉默或过度表达ORMDL3,确定了受到这一基因调控的分子。这些分子使得嗜酸性粒细胞聚集在气道中,引起了过敏性炎症。

当ORMDL3基因关闭之时,研究人员发现嗜酸性粒细胞表面表达的整合素(integrins)水平较低,这意味着嗜酸性粒细胞在气道中迁移及引起炎症的能力下降。

Rao说:“尽管令人感到兴奋,我们的研究发现仅仅是拼图中的一块。我们对于包括ORMDL3在内的各种哮喘易感基因了解得越多,我们将越是有能力制定出新的治疗方案。”

这一研究发现为未来了解哮喘的发病机制以及遗传在炎症性过敏反应中的作用提供了动力。这一研究不仅与哮喘有关,还有可能与胃肠道和皮肤其他的过敏疾病相关。根据美国过敏、哮喘和免疫学协会的估计,国际上的哮喘患者数量达到3亿人,每年有25万人死于此病。

遗传因素还可以影响哮喘反应的严重程度,或对于变应原或是例如压力和寒冷等环境因素敏感性。

明尼苏达大学研究人员研究的ORMDL3基因与全球各个族群的哮喘均有关联。

原文阅读

Ha SG, Ge XN, Bahaie NS, Kang BN, Rao A, Rao SP, Sriramarao P.ORMDL3 promotes eosinophil trafficking and activation via regulation of integrins and CD48.Nat Commun. 2013 Sep 23;4:2479.

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    2013-11-07 liuli5079
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    2014-01-18 hongbochen
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Throax:无烟立法可减少因哮喘入院患者

在英国全面的无烟立法已经引入多个司法管辖区。很少有研究探讨无烟立法和成人哮喘之间的关联,且具有局限性。近期英国学者的一项研究显示,无烟政策与健康息息相关,不仅解决了这些局限性,而且对英国无烟立法的短期影响进行了评估。未来的研究需要对无烟立法对于其他司法管辖区的影响进一步评估用以支持这些研究结果。相关研究发表于《喉》杂志(Throax)。【原文下载】 该研究自1997年4月至2010年12月在9个

AJRCCM:BMI可预测女性哮喘事件发生

    有学说认为:应用代谢综合征可以解释身体质量指数(BMI)与成人哮喘之间的关联。为了纵向比较成人哮喘事件与代谢综合征、及BMI相关性的相对强度,来自美国阿布克尔市新墨西哥大学医学系的Akshay Sood及其同事开展了一项研究,研究结果发表于2013年8月1日出版的《美国呼吸与危重症医学》(Am. J. Respir. Crit